identify and explain the main ideas of the fllowing scholars: hutton, lyell, cuvier, larmarck

b) The bold-faced section, "star-crossed lovers", is an example of an allusion in this excerpt from Romeo and Juliet by William Shakespeare.

An author can make an explicit or implicit reference to a person, place, thing, or other literary work through the use of allusion. A text's meaning is frequently enhanced by allusions by providing a level of deeper understanding that can be deduced from the reference.

There may be allusions to authors, myths, tales, religious texts, historical people, or other cultural icons that the audience is supposed to be familiar with. By making use of allusion, writers can use the strength of these well-known allusions to succinctly and effectively communicate complicated concepts, feelings, or themes.

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Answer:

The colonists attempted to make the killings look like the work of Native Americans by scalping and mutilating the bodies. They also attempted to set up false trails of footprints leading away from the scene of the crime.

Explanation:

Answer:

Patriots argued the event was the massacre of civilians perpetrated by the British Army, while loyalists argued that it was an unfortunate accident, the result of self-defense of the British soldiers from a threatening and dangerous mob.

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Answer:

During the Early Modern period, witch-hunts were widespread in Europe between the 15th and 18th centuries. Mass hysteria and panic were a notable feature of these witch-hunts, with fear of witches and their supposed abilities to harm people and cause chaos spreading quickly. Accusations against innocent individuals often snowballed, leading to the arrest and execution of multiple people. Another key feature of witch-hunts was the use of torture to extract confessions from accused witches, with torture being brutal and inhumane. The accused were subjected to various forms of torture, including being stretched on a rack, burned with hot irons, and deprived of sleep. Many people falsely confessed to witchcraft under the duress of torture, which only fueled the hysteria and paranoia surrounding witch-hunts. This vicious cycle of accusation, torture, and execution led to the deaths of countless innocent people and created a dark legacy that still resonates today.

Explanation:

The two features of witch-hunts are satanic panic and mass Hysteria

Satanic Panic: Throughout the Early Modern era, the belief in Satanism and demonic possession was one of the main aspects of witch hunts. Witches were frequently charged with partaking in satanic rituals and forging pacts with the devil.

This satanic influence theory was used to explain local catastrophes, illnesses, and other tragedies as well as to support the persecution and execution of suspected witches.

Mass Hysteria: Throughout the Early Modern era, mass hysteria was another aspect of witch hunts. Communities may experience a quick development of fear and worry about witchcraft and its alleged effects, which could result in widespread accusations and retaliation.

Religious and political authorities frequently fueled the fear of witchcraft by using such allegations to manipulate and control the populace or to silence dissenting voices. The end consequence was frequently a vicious cycle of charges and executions that might get out of hand and inflict great injury and suffering on innocent people.

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Answer: this was a lot to tip

The Atlantic slave trade, transatlantic slave trade, or Euro-American slave trade involved the transportation by slave traders of various enslaved African people, mainly to the Americas. The slave trade regularly used the triangular trade route and its Middle Passage, and existed from the 16th to the 19th centuries. The majority of those who were enslaved and transported in the transatlantic slave trade were people from Central and West Africa that had been sold by other West Africans to Western European slave traders, while others had been captured directly by the slave traders in coastal raids; Europeans gathered and imprisoned the enslaved at forts on the African coast and then brought them to the Americas. Except for the Portuguese, European slave traders generally did not participate in the raids because life expectancy for Europeans in sub-Saharan Africa was less than one year during the period of the slave trade. The South Atlantic and Caribbean economies were particularly dependent on labour for the production of sugarcane and other commodities. This was viewed as crucial by those Western European states which, in the late 17th and 18th centuries, were vying with one another to create overseas empires.

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Answer:

D. Nations such as South Africa and Ethiopia stepped into the power vacuum left by the departure of Western colonial powers and annexed neighboring territories.

Explanation:

I took the test and originally picked A, which was incorrect. B and C are inaccurate, and a study guide I found online said that D was the answer.

The 7 allies in World War I were the United Kingdom, France, Russia, Italy, Japan, Serbia, and Belgium. The Allies in World War I formed a coalition of nations that opposed the Central Powers. The seven main Allies were:

United Kingdom: The British Empire played a significant role, with British forces fighting on multiple fronts and providing substantial resources.

France: France was a major participant in the conflict, defending its territory against German aggression.

Russia: Initially part of the Allies, Russia withdrew from the war due to an internal revolution and signed a separate peace treaty with Germany.

Italy: Italy initially fought alongside the Central Powers but later joined the Allies in 1915, seeking territorial gains promised in the secret Treaty of London.

Japan: Japan joined the Allies in 1914 and seized German colonies in the Pacific.

Serbia: Serbia's resistance against Austria-Hungary's invasion was an important factor that contributed to the outbreak of the war.

Belgium: Belgium was invaded by Germany, which violated its neutrality, and its resistance became a symbol of defiance.

It is worth noting that other countries also joined the Allies during the course of the war, including the United States, which entered the conflict in 1917, and various other nations from around the world.

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Answer:

After the accident, NASA reduced the amount of flammable Velcro in the crew cabin, and tested many of the capsule's materials for flammability. Now, as a result of the lessons learned from Apollo 1, many new materials have been developed for spaceflight with fire safety in mind.

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Stonehenge was constructed using post-and-lintel architecture.

Post-and-lintel architecture is a structural system in which vertical posts support horizontal lintels. In the case of Stonehenge, large standing stones (the posts) were arranged in a circular pattern and topped with horizontal lintels. This construction technique allowed for the creation of the iconic stone monument. 1. Selecting the stones: The builders of Stonehenge carefully chose massive stones for the construction. These stones, known as sarsens, were sourced from the Marlborough Downs, about 20 miles away from the site.

2. Shaping the stones: Once the stones were selected, they were shaped into the desired form. The sarsens were cut into large rectangular blocks with flat surfaces, making them suitable for the post-and-lintel construction method. 3. Placing the stones: The stones were then arranged in a circular pattern, with the larger sarsen stones forming the outer circle and the smaller stones positioned inside. Each stone was set vertically into the ground, acting as a post. 4. Adding the lintels: After the vertical stones were in place, horizontal lintels were placed on top of the upright posts. The lintels spanned the gaps between the vertical stones, creating a continuous structure.

5. Stabilizing the structure: To ensure stability, the stones were carefully aligned and interlocked using mortise and tenon joints. These joints provided additional support and helped distribute the weight of the lintels. The post-and-lintel architecture used in the construction of Stonehenge allowed for the creation of a remarkable and enduring monument. The precise methods and techniques employed by its builders continue to fascinate and intrigue researchers and visitors alike.

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Answer:

B Natural rights

explanation

Answer: Review •The Five Key Elements of Civilization are: Centralized Government, Organized Religion, Job Specialization and Social Classes, Arts, Architecture, and Infrastructure, and Writing.

Answer: After the rebellion was put down, the colonists passed the Negro Act. The Negro Act proclaimed that: slaves could not grow their own crops, assemble, earn money, or learn to read. The Stono slave rebellion of 1739 was an early precursor to the many actions that black people would take to win freedom and equality in America.

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Answer:

assualts on white women during the last few months

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Explanation: the north is good and south was bad

Answer:

Simon Wiesenthal

Simon Wiesenthal KBE (31 December 1908 – 20 September 2005) was a Jewish Austrian Holocaust survivor, Nazi hunter, and writer. He studied architecture and was living in Lwów at the outbreak of World War II. He survived the Janowska concentration camp (late 1941 to September 1944), the Kraków-Płaszów concentration camp (September to October 1944), the Gross-Rosen concentration camp, a death march to Chemnitz, Buchenwald, and the Mauthausen concentration camp (February to 5 May 1945).

After the war, Wiesenthal dedicated his life to tracking down and gathering information on fugitive Nazi war criminals so that they could be brought to trial. In 1947, he co-founded the Jewish Historical Documentation Centre in Linz, Austria, where he and others gathered information for future war crime trials and aided refugees in their search for lost relatives. He opened the Documentation Centre of the Association of Jewish Victims of the Nazi Regime in Vienna in 1961 and continued to try to locate missing Nazi war criminals. He played a small role in locating Adolf Eichmann, who was captured by the Mossad in Buenos Aires in 1960 and worked closely with the Austrian justice ministry to prepare a dossier on Franz Stangl, who was sentenced to life imprisonment in 1971.

In the 1970s and 1980s, Wiesenthal was involved in two high-profile events involving Austrian politicians. Shortly after Bruno Kreisky, a Jew himself, was inaugurated as Austrian chancellor in April 1970, Wiesenthal pointed out to the press that four of his new cabinet appointees had been members of the Nazi Party. Kreisky, angry, called Wiesenthal a "Jewish fascist", likened his organisation to the Mafia, and accused him of collaborating with the Nazis. Wiesenthal successfully sued for libel, the suit ending in 1989. In 1986, Wiesenthal was involved in the case of Kurt Waldheim, whose service in the Wehrmacht and probable knowledge of the Holocaust were revealed in the lead-up to the 1986 Austrian presidential elections. Wiesenthal embarrassed that he had previously cleared Waldheim of any wrongdoing, suffered negative publicity as a result of this event.

With a reputation as a storyteller, Wiesenthal was the author of several memoirs containing tales that are only loosely based on actual events. In particular, he exaggerated his role in the capture of Eichmann in 1960. Wiesenthal died in his sleep at age 96 in Vienna on 20 September 2005 and was buried in the city of Herzliya in Israel. The Simon Wiesenthal Center, headquartered in Los Angeles, is named in his honour.

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Efforts to challenge segregation and discrimination in the South during the 1950s and 1960s were met with strong resistance from many white southerners.

They saw these efforts as a threat to the established order of segregation and white supremacy that had been in place for generations. Many white southerners were deeply attached to the idea of segregation and believed that it was necessary to maintain social and political order in the South.

In the case of Emmett Till, the brutal lynching of a 14-year-old Black boy by two white men in Mississippi in 1955, the reaction of many white southerners was one of outrage and defensiveness. Many white southerners saw Till's murder as an attack on their way of life and their values.

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Option (a), As a result of the terror that followed the assault on Pearl Harbor, the government authorized the detention and internment of thousands of Japanese people.

The United States formally declared war on Japan after the Japanese struck Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. Three days after Italy and Germany made their formal entrances into the Second World War, the United States followed suit.

The attack on Pearl Harbor also caused a surge of national security apprehension, particularly on the West Coast. President Roosevelt issued Executive Order 9066, which resulted in the internment of Japanese Americans, about two months later, in February 1942, while serving as commander in chief.

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Answer: The following contributed to the confident atmosphere of Renaissance England and the rebirth of secular drama:

England's increase in commercial power

England's defeat by the Spanish Armada

Note: Diminished confidence in Elizabeth I's Protestantism's rise over Catholicism is not a contributing factor to the confident atmosphere of Renaissance England and the rebirth of secular drama.

Explanation:

The incident that LBJ used to get congressional approval to carry on the war in Vietnam is known as the Gulf of Tonkin incident.

The Gulf of Tonkin incident is the occurrence that LBJ utilised to win legislative support for continuing the Vietnam War. Three North Vietnamese Navy torpedo boats and the USS Maddox, a U.S. Navy destroyer, fought each other in the Gulf of Tonkin on August 2, 1964.

The USS Maddox and USS Turner Joy reported that they were attacked once more two days later.

LBJ used the incident to campaign for the passage of the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, which granted him extensive authorization to increase American military participation in Vietnam, even though later investigations proved that the second strike probably never happened.

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Answer:

False

Explanation:

I remember learning that in last year's AP World History class.

Answer:

It has been irregular since the transition to democracy.

Explanation:

Russia transitioned to democracy in 1993, two years after the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991.

We can see from the information in the graph, that while in 1992, military spending was very high, at 70 billion dollars, it dropped to just 20 billion in 1998, and 14 years later became even higher than in 1992, sitting at 90 billion dollars.

This information tells us that the graph has a V shape, and that Russia, as democratic republic, has had periods of lower military spending, and periods of higher military spending. In other words, Russian military spending has been irregular since the transition to democracy.

Answer:

North America was so valuable and desired by both the French and the English because North America was critical for the global authority of England. William Pitt was the one who made North America become important to other party's territories. His strategy focuses on the naval warfare and also the conquest of North America

Some persons would automatically be considered to be enslaves based on their race, according to colonial rules intended to restrict the rights of non-white people.

For example, slaves were not allowed to leave their owner's property without permission, they were not allowed to congregate without a white person present, they were not allowed to own firearms, they were not allowed to be taught to read or write, they were not allowed to transmit or own "inflammatory" literature, and there were many other restrictions to enforce social control.

To enforce racial segregation and limit the voting power of Black people, the southern United States implemented Jim Crow laws and Black codes at various times.

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The step taken by the first emperor of a united China, Qin Shi Huang, to unify the country and solve its problems was forcing peasants to pay their taxes in coins instead of crops.

This action had significant implications for the consolidation of power, economic stability, and administrative control. During the Warring States period in ancient China, there was a fragmented political landscape with various competing states. Qin Shi Huang, the founder of the Qin dynasty, sought to unify China under his rule and establish a centralized government.

One of the measures he implemented to achieve this was the standardization of the currency system. By requiring peasants to pay taxes in coins instead of crops, Qin Shi Huang aimed to create a uniform system of taxation and economic exchange across his empire. This had several advantages. Firstly, it allowed for easier assessment and collection of taxes, ensuring a more efficient and consistent revenue stream for the state.

Secondly, it facilitated trade and commerce by introducing a standardized medium of exchange, promoting economic activity and integration within the empire. Thirdly, it reduced the power and influence of local landlords and nobles who had traditionally collected taxes in kind, thus centralizing control over the economy and weakening potential sources of opposition.

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In Chapter 23 of A Tale of Two Cities, the revolutionaries burned down the Chateau.

The Chateau was a symbol of France's aristocratic class. The Chateau was used as a prison during the Revolution and had a history of terrible crimes. It was a representation of the French aristocracy's power and the oppression of the poor.

A group of peasants led by Defarge entered the Chateau and found a room filled with suits of armor and clothing. They chose to burn the clothes and armor as a symbol of the end of the aristocratic power. In conclusion, the revolutionaries burnt down the Chateau because it was a representation of the French aristocracy's power and the oppression of the poor, and it was used as a prison during the Revolution

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Option C provides the right response. Because the Byzantine Empire was a continuation of the Roman Empire, it imitated that government.

In order to preserve the legal stability of the Empire, numerous attempts were made to compile all of the known Roman laws dating back more than a thousand years, so that they may be saved and referred to. The Roman and Byzantine Empires are comparable in the following ways: Both were authoritarian systems ruled by hereditary emperors. Both the Byzantine and Roman empires experienced internal strife due to court intrigues and dishonest management. The Byzantine Empire served as the Eastern Expansion of the Roman Empire after the fall of the Western Roman Empire in the fifth century CE. It endured from the end of the Roman Empire until the Ottoman invasion in 1453.

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