What separates a compound from a molecule?

The number of atoms in 3 moles K of the particle is 1.806 x 10²⁴ atoms.

The value of one mole of an atom is equal to exactly 12 grams of pure carbon-12.

12.00 g (C-12 ) = 1 mol C-12 atoms = 6.02 × 10²³ atoms .

The number of particles in 1 mole is called Avogadro's Number (6.0221421 x 10²³).

The number of atoms in 3 moles K of the particle is calculated as follows;

= 3 moles  x   6.02 × 10²³ atoms / mol

= 1.806 x 10²⁴ atoms

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Answer:

5.95g

Explanation:

1 \(dm^{3}\) = 1000 mL

∴ 100 mL = 100 ÷ 1000 = 0.1 \(dm^{3}\)

Volume = 0.1 \(dm^{3}\)

Concentration = 0.5 M

Concentration = \(\frac{No. of moles}{volume}\)

0.5 = \(\frac{x}{0.1}\)

No. of moles = 0.5 x 0.1 = 0.05 moles

No. of moles = \(\frac{mass}{mass. in. 1. mole}\)

Mass in 1 mole of KBr = 39 + 80 = 119g (39 is the mass of potassium and 80 is the mass of bromine)

0.05 = \(\frac{x}{119}\)

x = 119 × 0.05 = 5.95g

Among common fluids, gases generally have the lowest viscosity compared to liquids.

Viscosity is a measure of a fluid's resistance to flow or its internal friction. In gases, the molecules have greater separation and move more freely, resulting in lower intermolecular forces and thus lower viscosity.

Among gases, lighter gases with smaller molecular sizes tend to have lower viscosities. For example, helium (He) is one of the lightest gases and has a very low viscosity. Other gases like hydrogen (H2) and neon (Ne) also exhibit low viscosities.

It's important to note that the viscosity of a fluid can be influenced by various factors, such as temperature and pressure. However, in general, gases have lower viscosities compared to liquids.

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The molal freezing point of the unknown solvent is 3.9 °C/mol kg.

Given to us is the solution freezes at 7.8 degrees Celsius below its normal freezing point,

To determine the molal freezing point depression, we need to use the formula:

ΔTf = Kf × m

Where:

ΔTf is the freezing point depression,

Kf is the cryoscopic constant (a property of the solvent),

m is the molality of the solution (moles of solute per kilogram of solvent).

Substituting the values into the equation:

7.8 °C = Kf × m

Since we have 2 moles of the solute dissolved in 1 kg of the solvent, the molality (m) is calculated as:

m = moles of solute / mass of solvent

m = 2 mol / 1 kg

m = 2 mol/kg

Now we can rearrange the equation to solve for Kf:

Kf = ΔTf / m

Kf = 7.8 °C / (2 mol/kg)

Kf = 3.9 °C/mol kg

Therefore, the molal freezing point of the unknown solvent is 3.9 °C/mol kg.

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The electrical force between these two particles is approximately -2.3 N.

So,the correct answer is (B) -2.3 N

Coulomb’s law is given as:F=ke * q1 * q2 / d^2

Where,F = Force in Newton (N)q1 = Charge on particle 1 in Coulombs (C)q2 = Charge on particle 2 in Coulombs (C)k = Coulomb’s constant = 8.99 × 10^9 N m^2/C^2d = Distance between two particles in meters (m).

Given:e = 1.6 × 10^-19 Ck = 8.99 × 10^9 N m^2/C^2Distance between two particles, d = 10^-14 mAs given, both particles are negative charges; hence, the force between the two particles will be repulsive.

The formula to find the electric force between two negative charges is:F = -ke * q1 * q2 / d^2F = - (8.99 × 10^9 N m^2/C^2) * (1.6 × 10^-19 C) * (1.6 × 10^-19 C) / (10^-14 m)^2= - 2.304 × 10^-9 N= - 2.3 N (approximately).

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The molecular weight of the unknown weak acid is approximately 373.67 g/mol. To determine the molecular weight of the unknown weak acid, we'll first calculate the moles of NaOH used and then the moles of the acid, and finally use the given mass of the acid to find the molecular weight.

Follow these steps:
1. Convert the volume of NaOH to liters: 36.04 mL * (1 L / 1000 mL) = 0.03604 L
2. Calculate the moles of NaOH: moles = Molarity * Volume = 0.111 M * 0.03604 L = 0.00399844 mol
3. Since the NaOH and the weak acid react in a 1:1 ratio at the 2nd equivalence point, the moles of the weak acid will be equal to the moles of NaOH: moles of weak acid = 0.00399844 mol
4. Now, use the given mass of the weak acid (1.494 g) and the moles of the weak acid to calculate the molecular weight: Molecular weight = Mass / Moles = 1.494 g / 0.00399844 mol = 373.67 g/mol
Thus, the molecular weight of the unknown weak acid is approximately 373.67 g/mol.

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Answer:

Protons and neutrons can be further broken down: they're both made up of things called “quarks.” As far as we can tell, quarks can't be broken down into smaller components, making them the smallest things we know of.

Explanation:

Answer:

D

Explanation:

Solvent is the material that is dissolving another material​. Thus, option D is correct.

A solvent is a substance that dissolves another substance to form a solution. The substance that is being dissolved is called the solute, and the substance that is doing the dissolving is called the solvent. The solute is usually present in a smaller amount than the solvent, and it is the solvent that determines the physical properties of the solution, such as its density, viscosity, and boiling point.

For example, when salt is dissolved in water, the salt is the solute and the water is the solvent. The water molecules surround the salt molecules and break them apart, so that the salt ions are free to move around in the solution. The solution is then a homogeneous mixture of salt ions and water molecules.

Thus, option D is correct.

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Answer:

3.97 x 10^-19 J

Explanation:

The energy E of a photon is given by:

       E = hf where h = Planck's constant = 4.14 × 10−15 eV · s and f = frequency

In this case, f = 6×10^14s−1, hence, the energy E of one photon of the light would be;

E = 4.14 × 10−15 eV · s x 6×10^14s−1

               =  2.484 eV

Note that:

1 eV = 1.60 × 10−19 J

Hence,

2.484 eV = 2.484 x 1.60 × 10−19 J

              = 3.97 x 10^-19 J

The gas that would behave the most like an ideal gas when confined to a 5.0 L container is option b, which is 5 mol of Ne at 300 K. This is because the ideal gas law assumes that gas particles have no volume and no intermolecular forces, which is only true for an ideal gas.

However, as the temperature decreases and the number of gas particles increases, the gas molecules come closer together, and intermolecular forces come into play, making the gas less ideal. Option b has a lower temperature and a smaller number of particles, which means there are fewer intermolecular forces present and the gas behaves more like an ideal gas.
An ideal gas follows the Ideal Gas Law (PV=nRT), where P is pressure, V is volume, n is moles of gas, R is the gas constant, and T is temperature. Among the given options, 1 mol of Ne at 800 K (a) would behave the most like an ideal gas when confined to a 5.0 L container. This is because noble gases like Ne exhibit fewer intermolecular interactions and their behavior closely resembles that of an ideal gas. Additionally, higher temperatures (800 K) allow gases to act more ideally due to increased kinetic energy, overcoming intermolecular forces. Therefore, 1 mol of Ne at 800 K in a 5.0 L container would be the closest to ideal gas behavior.

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The z-test is used to calculate the test statistics of a data set that follows a normal distribution.  we can conclude that there is strong evidence to suggest that the population proportion is less than 0.62.

was obtained when testing the claim that p < 0.62, which suggests that the p-value is less than 0.05 and hence the null hypothesis is rejected at the 5% significance level. The formula for calculating the Z-score is: Z = (x - μ) / (σ / √n)Where x is the sample mean, μ is the population mean, σ is the population standard deviation, and n is the sample size. The calculated Z-score is then compared with a critical value of the standard normal distribution to test the hypothesis.

In the given case, we can see that the Z-score is negative, which implies that the sample mean is less than the population mean. The negative Z-score also suggests that the sample is on the left-hand side of the population mean. Hence, we can reject the null hypothesis and accept the alternative hypothesis that p < 0.62 at the 5% significance level.

Therefore, we can conclude that there is strong evidence to suggest that the population proportion is less than 0.62.

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One of the isomers of C4H10O that is an alcohol is the 1-butanol or butyl alcohol:

Another of the alcohols that has the given formula is tert-butanol or tert-butyl alcohol:

The third isomer of C4H10O is 2-butanol:

And the last isomer is isobutanol or isobutyl alcohol:

The question is incomplete, the complete question is:

Standardization of a Borax solution (Na2B4O7). A student titrates a 20.00 mL sample of an aqueous borax solution with 1.044 M H2SO4. It takes 2.63 mL of acid to reach the equivalence point. Knowing it takes 1 H2SO4 to neutralize 2 Na2B4O7, what was the concentration of this Borax solution?

Answer: The concentration of borax solution is 0.069 M.

Explanation:

To calculate the concentration of borax solution, the formula used is:

\(n_1C_1V_1=n_2C_2V_2\) ....(1)

where,

\(n_1, C_1\text{ and }V_1\) are the n-factor, concentration and volume of sulfuric acid

\(n_2,C_2\text{ and }V_2\) are the n-factor, concentration and volume of borax solution.

We are given:

\(n_1=1\\C_1=1.044M\\V_1=2.63mL\\n_2=2\\C_2=?M\\V_2=20mL\)

Putting values in equation 1, we get:

\(1\times 1.044\times 2.63=2\times C_2\times 20\\\\C_2=\frac{1\times 1.044\times 2.63}{2\times 20}\\\\C_2=0.069M\)

Hence, the concentration of borax solution is 0.069 M.

a- Aluminium bromide has the following formula: AlBr₃, so the unbalanced equation is:

As we can see, for now the aluminium atoms are balanced, but the bromine is not. To balance the bromine, we can put 3 in front of Br₂ and 2 in front of AlBr₃. That way, we will have a total of 6 bromine atoms in each side:

But now the Al is unbalaced, so to fix it we can add a 2 in front of Al to get the balanced equation:

b- The aluminium are the lone atoms, so, counting them, we see that there are 8 atoms initially.

c- Each pair of empty circles represent a molecule of Br₂, counting them we have 6 molecules initially.

d- The proportion of Al to AlBr₃ is 2:2, that is, 1:1, so if all Al reacts, we would produce the same amount of AlBr₃ as Al, which would be 8 molecules.

The proportion of Br₂ to AlBr₃ is 3:2, so is all Br₂ reacts we will get 2/3 of that as AlBr₃, which would be 6*2/3 = 4 molecules.

This shows that there is not enough Br₂ to react with all 8 atoms of Al, meaning only 4 molecules of AlBr₃ will be produced.

e- Since there is not enough Br₂ to react with all Al present, the limiting reactant is the bromine.

f- The excess reactant is the other one, so if bromine is the limiting, the aluminium is the excess reactant.

g- Since only 4 molecules of AlBr₃ will be formed with all the bromine present, since the proportion of Al to AlBr₃ is 1:1, we wil need only 4 atoms of Al to produce them, which meand that, from the total 8 atoms, we will get

4 atoms of Al as excess reactant after the reaction is complete.

One way to climb from the bottom of a flight of stairs to the top in O(n2) time is to use a brute force approach. This involves considering every possible combination of steps that can be taken at each stair and keeping track of the minimum number of steps needed to reach the top.

This can be done by recursively considering all possible steps from each stair and choosing the minimum among them. While this approach may not be the most efficient, it guarantees that the solution will be found in no more than O(n2) time.

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Answer:

Option b) polyatomic ions

Explanation:

Polyatomic ions are ions consisting of two or more atoms.

From the question given above, we can see that each ions consist of more than one atom as shown below:

Ions >>>>>> Number of atom present

NH4+ >>>>> 2

CO32− >>>> 2

PO43− >>>> 2

Thus, we can say that the above ions are polyatomic ions.

Answer:

It's C.

Explanation:

To find the concentration of HCl, we need to calculate the moles of base added to neutralize the acid, the moles of acid originally in the beaker, and then use these values to determine the molarity of HCl.

a) To find the moles of base (NaOH) added, we can use the formula:

Moles of NaOH = Volume of NaOH (in L) × Molarity of NaOH

Converting the volume to liters and using the given values:

Moles of NaOH = 0.080 L × 2.5 mol/L = 0.2 mol

b) Since the reaction is a 1:1 stoichiometric ratio between NaOH and HCl, the moles of acid (HCl) will be equal to the moles of base added. Therefore, there were also 0.2 mol of HCl originally in the beaker.

c) Now, we can calculate the molarity of HCl using the formula:

Molarity (M) = Moles of solute / Volume of solution (in L)

Given that the volume of the acid is 100.0 mL (or 0.100 L) and the moles of acid is 0.2 mol:

Molarity of HCl = 0.2 mol / 0.100 L = 2.0 M

Therefore, the molarity of the HCl solution is 2.0 M.

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Answer:

CO2 AND H2O are the products of the following reaction

Answer:

Kinetic energy depends on the velocity of the object squared

Explanation:

Kinetic energy depends on the velocity of the object squared. This means that when the velocity of an object doubles, its kinetic energy quadruples. ... Kinetic energy must always be either zero or a positive value. While velocity can have a positive or negative value, velocity squared is always positive.

Answer:

300 mL

Explanation:

the unit formula of calcium phosphate is Ca3(PO4)2

molar mass of Ca3(PO4)2 = (3×40 + 2×31 + 8×16) g/mol = 310 g/mol

n = m/M = 35 g/(310 g/mol)

c = n/V

V = n/c = [35 g/(310 g/mol)]/0.375 mol/L

V = 0.30 L = 300 mL

Answer:

-10 m/s2

Explanation:

The acceleration is taken as −10 m/s2

Answer:

5

Explanation:

its in the middle

Answer:

Minerals can form in three primary ways being precipitation, crystallization from a magma and solid- state transformation by chemical reactions (metamorphism).

Answer:

Direct measurement' refers to measuring exactly the thing that you are looking to measure, while 'indirect measurement' means that you're measuring something by measuring something else. For example of direct measurement is weight, distance, and so on.

Explanation:

Hope this helps :)

The reaction of formic acid (CH2O2) with water involves the dissociation of formic acid into its ions, hydrogen ions (H+) and formate ions (HCOO-). This process is known as ionization.

Formic acid is a weak acid, meaning that it does not fully dissociate in water. Instead, only a small fraction of formic acid molecules ionize. The degree of ionization is determined by the acid's pKa value. The pKa of formic acid is 3.75, which indicates that it is a moderately weak acid.

In the presence of water, formic acid reacts as follows:
CH2O2 + H2O ⇌ H+ + HCOO-

When formic acid dissolves in water, some molecules break apart, releasing hydrogen ions (H+) and formate ions (HCOO-) into the solution. The hydrogen ions give the solution its acidic properties.

The equilibrium arrow (⇌) in the reaction equation indicates that the reaction is reversible. This means that some formic acid molecules can also combine with hydrogen ions and formate ions to reform the original formic acid molecules.

It's important to note that the extent of ionization depends on the concentration of formic acid and the pH of the solution. At low pH values, where the concentration of hydrogen ions is high, the ionization of formic acid increases. At higher pH values, the ionization decreases.

Understanding the reaction of formic acid with water is crucial in evaluating its preservative and antibacterial properties in livestock feed. The acidic nature of formic acid helps inhibit the growth of bacteria and fungi, thereby preserving the feed and preventing spoilage.

Overall, the reaction of formic acid with water involves the partial dissociation of formic acid into hydrogen ions and formate ions, contributing to its role as a preservative and antibacterial agent in livestock feed.

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11.2L is the total volume of O\(_2\) produced when 1 mole of PbO decomposes at STP for reaction 2 PbO(s) → 2 Pb(s) + O\(_2\)(g).

Lead(II) oxide, often known as lead monoxide, is an inorganic chemical having the formula PbO. PbO exists in two polymorphs: litharge, which has a tetragonal crystalline structure, as well as massicot, which has an orthorhombic crystalline structure.

The majority of modern PbO uses are already in lead-based commercial glass as well as industrial ceramics, particularly computer components. It is a kind of amphoteric oxide.

2 PbO(s) → 2 Pb(s) + O\(_2\)(g)

mole of PbO =1 mole

the mole ratio between PbO  and oxygen is 2:1

mole of oxygen = 0.5mole

volume of oxygen = mole of oxygen ×22.4L

                              = 0.5×22.4L

                              = 11.2L

Therefore,  11.2L is the total volume of O\(_2\) produced when 1 mole of PbO decomposes at STP.

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The ratio strength (w/v) of the diluted solution is 1:1000 or 0.1% w/v.

The original solution is a 1:20 w/v solution, which means that for every 1 gram of solute, there is 20 mL of solution. Using this information, we can calculate the amount of solute in the original 50 mL of solution:

1 gram / 20 mL = x grams / 50 mL

x = 2.5 grams of solute

When this 50 mL of solution is diluted to 1000 mL, the amount of solute remains the same, but the volume of the solution increases. The new ratio can be calculated by dividing the weight of the solute by the volume of the solution:

2.5 grams / 1000 mL = 0.0025 grams/mL

Converting this to a percentage w/v:

0.0025 grams/mL x 100 = 0.25% w/v

Therefore, the ratio strength is 1:1000 or 0.1% w/v.

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The amount of concentrated solution needed is (0.286 M)(65 mL) / C M, and the amount of water needed is 65 mL minus the volume of the concentrated solution.

To calculate the molarity of Kool Aid desired, we need to determine the number of moles of Kool Aid powder and sugar in the package. Since the molecular formula for sugar is C12H22O11, we can calculate its molar mass as follows:

Molar mass of C12H22O11 = (12 * 12.01) + (22 * 1.01) + (11 * 16.00)

= 144.12 + 22.22 + 176.00

= 342.34 g/mol

Given that the package contains 4.25 grams of Kool Aid powder, we can calculate the number of moles of Kool Aid powder using its molar mass:

Number of moles of Kool Aid powder = Mass / Molar mass

= 4.25 g / 342.34 g/mol

≈ 0.0124 mol

Similarly, for the sugar, which has a molar mass of 342.34 g/mol, we can calculate the number of moles of sugar using its mass:

Number of moles of sugar = Mass / Molar mass

= 192.00 g / 342.34 g/mol

≈ 0.5612 mol

Now, to calculate the molarity of the desired Kool Aid solution, we need to determine the volume of water. Given that 1.06 quarts is equal to 1 liter, and we have 2.00 quarts of water, we can convert it to liters as follows:

Volume of water = 2.00 quarts * (1.06 liters / 1 quart)

= 2.12 liters

To find the molarity, we use the formula:

Molarity (M) = Number of moles / Volume (in liters)

Molarity of Kool Aid desired = (0.0124 mol + 0.5612 mol) / 2.12 L

≈ 0.286 M

To prepare 65 mL of the desired molarity, we can use dilution calculations. We need to determine the volume of concentrated solution and the volume of water needed.

Let's assume the concentration of the concentrated Kool Aid solution is C M. Using the dilution formula:

(C1)(V1) = (C2)(V2)where C1 is the initial concentration, V1 is the initial volume, C2 is the final concentration, and V2 is the final volume.

Given that C1 = C M and V1 = V mL, and we want to prepare a final volume of 65 mL (V2 = 65 mL) with a final concentration of 0.286 M (C2 = 0.286 M), we can rearrange the formula to solve for the volume of the concentrated solution:

(C M)(V mL) = (0.286 M)(65 mL)

V mL = (0.286 M)(65 mL) / C M

So, the amount of concentrated solution needed is (0.286 M)(65 mL) / C M, and the amount of water needed is 65 mL minus the volume of the concentrated solution.

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