Think Critically (no math needed). Shanell wants to see if the birds in her backyard exhibit Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium. So, she conducts an experiment with the birds outside. After doing some genetic testing, Shanell notices that the population contains: 5 homozygous dominant, 2 heterozygous, and 3 homozygous recessive genotypes. She then starts to do her calculations for Hardy-Weinberg using the equations.

Shanelle’s calculations for Hardy-Weinberg worked. However, when chi-square is calculated, she finds that she must reject her null hypothesis.

Although Shanelle's math for Hardy-Weinberg equations worked out, why is she forced to reject the null hypothesis? In other words, what was wrong with Shanelle's experiment that could have led to this?

Answers

Answer 1

Shanelle's calculations for Hardy-Weinberg equations worked out, but she must reject her null hypothesis when chi-square is calculated is that the population she was investigating did not exhibit Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium.

This is because the conditions for the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were not met. It is necessary for a population to meet certain conditions for it to exhibit Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.The conditions for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium are as follows:No genetic drift: Genetic drift should not occur in the population and the population size should be infinite.Random mating: Individuals in the population should mate randomly.No gene flow: There should be no gene flow between populations.

No mutations: There should be no mutations in the population.No natural selection: There should be no natural selection, meaning that all individuals should have the same chance of survival and reproduction.If one or more of the conditions mentioned above is violated, the population will not be in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium. Since the chi-square test has shown that the null hypothesis is not valid, it can be concluded that the conditions were not met, and this led to the rejection of the null hypothesis.

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Related Questions

Which term refers to a solution with a higher solute concentration outside the cell than inside the cell? hypertonic hypotonic equitonic isotonic.

Answers

Answer:

The correct answer is A hypertonic!:)

Explanation:

Hope this helps!:)

The hypertonic term refers to a solution with a higher solute concentration outside the cell than inside the cell.

How do different solutions affect the cell?

The three most typical sports drink varieties are: Blood and hypotonic have different fluid, sugar, and salt concentrations.

In comparison to blood, hypertonic has a higher percentage of fluid, carbohydrates, and salt. Similar fluid, sugar, and salt concentrations exist in isotonic and blood.

Hypertonic refers to a situation where the concentration of solutes outside the cell is higher than inside. That will draw water molecules away from the cell, causing it to contract.

Therefore, the cell is shrinking as a result of an increased solute concentration in a hypertonic solution and a net migration of water outside.

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Michael eats high fatty foods, does not exercise, and his diet consists of a high intake of salt. Describe all the effects this could have on his cardiovascular system in relation to blood flow.

Answers

Michael's diet and lifestyle choices could have a number of negative effects on his cardiovascular system which include.

What do these problems lead to?

High-fat diet: A high-fat diet can lead to weight gain, which can increase the risk of heart disease, stroke, and other cardiovascular problems. Fat can also build up in the arteries, narrowing them and making it more difficult for blood to flow. This can lead to high blood pressure, which is a major risk factor for heart disease.

Lack of exercise: Exercise helps to keep the heart and blood vessels healthy. It can help to lower blood pressure, improve cholesterol levels, and reduce the risk of heart disease, stroke, and other cardiovascular problems. Michael's lack of exercise is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease.

High salt intake: A high salt intake can raise blood pressure, which is a major risk factor for heart disease and stroke. Salt can also cause fluid retention, which can put extra strain on the heart and blood vessels.

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8. Cystic fibrosis is a disease that causes mucus to build up in the lungs. The underlying cause is a

misshapen protein in the cell membrane which interferes with the transport of chloride. Researchers have

identified two frameshift mutations associated with the disorder. One is caused by a two nucleotide insertion,

and the other is caused by a one nucleotide deletion. Why can both a deletion and an insertion mutation have

the same disease outcome?

Answers

Both deletion and insertion mutations can have the same disease outcome in the case of cystic fibrosis because they both result in a frameshift mutation.

In normal protein synthesis, the DNA code is read in groups of three nucleotides called codons. Each codon codes for a specific amino acid, and the sequence of codons determines the sequence of amino acids in the protein.

However, in a frameshift mutation, the reading frame of the DNA sequence is shifted, either by the deletion of a nucleotide or the insertion of an additional nucleotide. This alteration disrupts the normal grouping of codons, leading to a different sequence of amino acids being encoded.

In the context of cystic fibrosis, the misshapen protein in the cell membrane is caused by the frameshift mutation, which disrupts the normal structure and function of the protein. This misshapen protein interferes with the transport of chloride, leading to the buildup of mucus in the lungs characteristic of the disease.

Both deletion and insertion mutations alter the reading frame of the DNA sequence and result in a frameshift mutation, leading to the same disease outcome in cystic fibrosis. The specific location and size of the deletion or insertion may vary, but the overall consequence is the same: the production of a non-functional or partially functional protein that impairs chloride transport and causes mucus accumulation.

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Sam is using a hot plate to heat an unknown liquid in a glass flask. In a paragraph of at least 150 words, identify the safety equipment that should be used and the purpose of it for the given scenario.

Answers

Answer:

Using a hot plate to heat an unknown liquid in a glass flask could be dangerous if protective/safety equipment aren’t worn. The unknown liquid may be a corrosive chemical which could cause burns when it gets in contact with any part of the body. It s therefore advisable to use googles to prevent the chemicals from splashing into the eyes. Safety gloves and long sleeve shirt should be worn to prevent heat and chemical burns. A shoe covering the whole part of the feet should also be worn as accidents such as the falling to the ground of the heated liquid may occur in the laboratory. This will help protect the feet from contact with the unknown liquid. Nose masks should also be put on to prevent inhalation of toxic chemicals into the body.

Which plant hormone(s) increases leaf size

Answers

Answer:

Gibberellin

Explanation:

I've studied that gibberellin is a plant hormone that promotes cell elongation and division, causing the cells in the leaves to elongate and divide more, this leads to an increase in leaf size.

Hope it helps! :)

The plant hormone that helps in increasing the leaf size is the phytohormone Auxin .

Plants create signalling molecules called plant hormones, which are found in low concentration. All  plant's growth and progression are regulated by plant hormones.

There are basically five types of plant hormones that are considered to be essential for plant growth . They are Auxin , Cytokinin , Gibberellin , ABA , Ethylene .

The Cytokinin and Auxin work together to enhance the development of leaf as both of the phytohormones are responsible to modulate the growth of leaf as well  as controlling the cell cycle . These hormones are considered essential for plant growth and it occur naturally at various concentrations within plants throughout the duration .

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If an individual has a fully compensated metabolic acidosis, the person's pH is: A) high. B) low. C) normal. D) impossible to determine.

Answers

If an individual has a fully compensated metabolic acidosis, the person's pH is normal.This is because in metabolic acidosis, there is an increase in acid production or a decrease in bicarbonate levels, leading to a decrease in blood pH so the correct answer is option (c).

However, the body compensates for this by increasing the respiratory rate to eliminate carbon dioxide, which helps to increase the pH back to normal levels. This compensation can take several hours to days to occur fully, but once it does, the person's pH should be back to normal.

It's important to note that although the pH is normal in a fully compensated metabolic acidosis, other values such as bicarbonate and carbon dioxide levels may still be abnormal.

Therefore, it's essential to look at the entire blood gas panel and clinical context when interpreting the results and determining the appropriate treatment for the patient.

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is the bird a predator animal or a prey animal?explain your answer​

Answers

Answer:

Birds can be both predator animals and prey animals. Some predatory birds, such as eagles, hawks, and owls, hunt and kill other animals for food. Other birds, such as small songbirds, can be prey animals for larger predators like cats and hawks.

The back bone of DNA and RNA is composed of _____. DNA is double stranded due to interactions between adenine,cytosine,guanine, and thymine, which are ____ Uracil is a

Answers

The backbone of DNA and RNA is composed of sugar phosphate. DNA is double-stranded due to interactions between adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine, which are nucleotide bases. Uracil is a pyrimidine nucleotide base.

DNA is the hereditary material of humans and almost all organisms. It carries genetic information. DNA is deoxyribonucleic acid and RNA is ribonucleic acid. DNA is double-stranded while RNA is single-stranded. Both DNA and RNA are protein derivatives. The base is formed of sugar phosphates. Both these carry nucleotide bases on them. Adenine, guanine, cytosine, uracil, thymidine, etc are examples of nucleotide bases. Among that adenine and guanine are purines. Cytosil Uracil and thymidine are pyrimidines.

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If we check the Petri dish and food coloring in a few minutes, will all of the food coloring remain in the filter paper disk? What do you think will happen?

Answers

All the food coloring would remain in the filter paper disk
It will stay in the filter

Can someone plz help me find the answer

Can someone plz help me find the answer

Answers

Answer:

The answer is c because right between 25 and 75 years is when it starts to rapidly decrese.

Explanation:  

Hope this helps

dont get to stressed with your homewwork i do online school to and it can get frustrating

Can someone plz help me find the answer

organisms that must obtain nutrients and energy by eating other organisms are

Answers

Heterotrophs :) I'm pretty sure

Are all human cells capable of mitosis and cell divsion? How does this affect your body's abilty to repair itself? Support our answer with specific examples.

Answers

Yes, all human cells are capable of mitosis and cell division.

Mitosis is a process by which a single parent cell divides to make two new daughter cells. Each daughter cell receives a complete set of chromosomes from the parent cell. This process allows the body to grow and replace cells.

Any kind of internal or external damage leads a signal ti cell to divide at a faster rate so that the healing occurs.

Through the process of mitosis, an equal number of cells are produced. Repair of cells occurs only in somatic cells and mitosis tends to divide somatic cells

For example When cells are lost or when a tissue fragment breaks. Therefore, mitosis will produce a huge number of new cells over time to plug the hole and enlarge the tissue once more. This guarantees that the tissue is restored to normal function. Similar to how a wound heals You will notice that the blood gap closes within a few days and that new platelets and skin cells are developing to plug the hole and make additional skin. The forming of new cells of the skin is due to a continuous type of division which is mitosis

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How would a compromised respiratory system impact the
circulatory
system?

Answers

Answer:

The circulatory and respiratory systems work together to circulate blood and oxygen throughout the body. Air moves in and out of the lungs through the trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles. Blood moves in and out of the lungs through the pulmonary arteries and veins that connect to the heart.

Help PLZ Which of the two largest cavities forms earliest in fetal development? Why do you think that cavity, and its contents, develops before other body parts?

Answers

Answer:

heart and brain

Explanation:

they are the most essential

Drag the tiles to the correct boxes to complete the pairs.


Match the branch of science to its description.


physics


entomology


psychology


biology


chemistry


identifies substances and their properties


studies living organisms and their anatomy,


behavior, and qualities


studies the human mind and behavior ??????????

Answers

Here is the solution to the question, “Drag the tiles to the correct boxes to complete the pairs. Match the branch of science to its description. is in following”:•

Identifies substances and their properties: Chemistry• Studies living organisms and their anatomy, behavior, and qualities: Biology• Studies the human mind and behavior: Psychology• Studies insects: Entomology• Deals with matter and energy: PhysicsExplanation:The branch of science to its description are given below:Identifies substances and their properties: ChemistryStudies living organisms and their anatomy, behavior, and qualities: BiologyStudies the human mind and behavior: PsychologyStudies insects: EntomologyDeals with matter and energy: Physics

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A branch of science refers to a specific field or discipline within the broader realm of scientific knowledge.

Physics - identifies substances and their properties

Entomology - studies living organisms and their anatomy, behavior, and qualities

Psychology - studies the human mind and behavior

Biology - studies living organisms and their anatomy, behavior, and qualities

Chemistry - identifies substances and their properties

It represents a specialized area of study that focuses on a particular subject, phenomenon, or aspect of the natural world. Examples of branches of science include physics, chemistry, biology, astronomy, geology, psychology, and many others. Each branch of science typically has its own set of theories, principles, methodologies, and areas of research.

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1 In what way
does Carbon exist in a.water b.air​

Answers

Answer:

M ake me brainliest pls.and like

Explanation:

Air

"Write an investigation to investigate the effect of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis"​

Answers

Answer:

More oxygen bubbles are produced when the light is closer to the beaker. So a greater light intensity gives a greater rate of photosynthesis.

Explanation:

A characteristic that diffrrnattites cells from prokaryotic cells is that eukaryotic cells have

Answers

Answer:

Prokaryotic Cells DO NOT have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, Eukaryotic Cells do.

Explanation:

An easy way to remember this is Pro sounds like NO, and EU sounds like DO.

What is thought to bring different organisms such as fish and dolphins to have evolved a similar body plan?

Answers

Answer:

their very similar environments.

Explanation:

The type of evolution that is referenced here actually has a name -- convergent evolution. It's when two types of organisms/species have nothing in common ancestor-wise but still evolve similarly due to their similar environments. The similar body plan the question is referencing could include fins and other "fish features" as well. :-)

Genes A and B are on different chromosomes of a diploid organism. You perform the cross Aabb x AaBb. In the offspring of this cross, you predict there will be ______ genotypic categories. The ratio of phenotypes is _______ .

Answers

This cross between two heterozygous progenitors is a dihybrid. Since the genes are located on distinct chromosomes, they will independently recombine during meiosis. Therefore, the progeny will contain four genotypic categories: AaBb, Aabb, aaBb, and aabb. In the progeny, the ratio of phenotypes will be 9:3:3:1

Aabb and AaBb both contribute two Aa alleles to gene A. Thus, the offspring may have gene A genotypes Aa or aa. Aabb and AaBb both contribute two Bb alleles to gene B. The offspring's gene B genotypes are Bb. Two genotypic categories result from multiplying gene A (2) and gene B (1) genotypic possibilities. Allele dominance and recessivity determine the phenotypic ratio. Without it, we cannot calculate the phenotypic ratio. However, assuming total authority for both genes, we can expect a 3:1 phenotypic ratio for each gene and a 9:3:3:1 ratio overall.

One phenotype will be dominant for both genes (9), one will be recessive for gene A and prevalent for gene B (3), one will be dominant for both genes (3), and one will be recessive for both genes (1).

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In this food web, which term best describes the pinfish? *
O Primary Consumer
O Producer
O Secondary Consumer
O Tertiary Consumer

Answers

Answer:

can you show us the food web it won't work without it

wich 3 terms relate t sexual reproduction but not asexual reproduction??

a. Gamees
b Meiosis
c.Mitosis
D.sperm

Answers

The three terms that refer to sexual reproduction but not asexual reproduction are:

a. Gametes

b. Meiosis

d. Sperm

What is involved in sexual reproduction?

Sexual reproduction involves the fusion of gametes, which are specialized cells produced by an organism for the purpose of reproduction. In most animals and many plants, gametes are of two types: sperm and eggs.

During sexual reproduction, sperm and egg unite to form a zygote, which then develops into a new organism. The genetic information from both parents is combined in the zygote, leading to offspring with a unique combination of traits. This process is facilitated by the processes of meiosis, which reduces the chromosome number by half, and fertilization, in which the sperm and egg fuse to form the zygote.

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I need help. Please. I'M IN A TEST
Which properties are characteristic of metalloids?

Answers

Answer:

C

Explanation:

Which of the following does not belong?
O
A. Enzyme
O
B. Amino acids
O
C. Protein
O
D. Lipid

Answers

Answer:

c is your answer

Explanation:

C is the correct answer.

What information can the positive and negative numbers on a number line provide?

Answers

Answer:

It can provide if a number is greater than zero or less than zero

Explanation:

Who receives the least energy from the sun? O Producers O Secondary Consumers O Tertiary Consumers 0Primary Consumers​

Answers

Answer:

Tertiary consumers

Explanation

Which part of a green plant loses the most chloroplasts at the end of
ummer?
OA. Leaf
OB. Root
O C. Stem
OD. Seed

Answers

Answer:

A. Leaf

Explanation:

Hope it helps:)

A) the leaf is the right answer

If glucose is not readily available to the body's tissues, fat is broken down as a source of energy, and _____ are produced as a by-product.

Answers

If glucose is not readily available to the body's tissues, fat is broken down as a source of energy, and ketones are produced as a by-product.

The body typically uses glucose as its main energy source, but when it doesn't have enough glucose or carbohydrates stored or when the blood's concentration of fatty acids rises, the body produces more ketone bodies. Examples of this happening include several medical diseases, such as diabetes and alcoholism, as well as during hunger or fasting periods.

Ketogenesis is the process through which fatty acids degrade to form ketone bodies. Fatty acids are taken into the mitochondria of liver cells where they are broken down into an Acetyl-CoA molecule, which is frequently employed for energy production, to begin the process. The ketogenic route uses a number of distinct enzymes, each with a specific purpose, to join two of these molecules to create the final compound, acetoacetate.

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Select all answers that can describe primary succession

pioneer species
bare rock
A disturbance
climax community
No Soll
First time there is life

Answers

Answer:

Pioneer species, bare rock, no soil

Explanation:

Reasoning being is that Pioneer species are species like lichen and moss. These species are those who break down rocks therefore creating soil for other organisms/plants to live there. Lichen and moss grow on bare rock therefore making it primary sucesssion. Soil would be considered secondary succession as it's already there, primary succession has no soil.

differentiate between uniform and nonuniform motion​

Answers

Answer:

Uniform motion is the motion in which body covers equal distances in equal intervals of timenonuniform motion is the motion in which body covers unequal distances in equal intervals of time
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