In photosynthesis, the carbon in CO2 is initially fixed to what molecule?
O G3P
O NADPH
O RuBP
O ATP
Answers
In photosynthesis, the carbon in \(CO_{2}\) is initially fixed to the molecule RuBP (ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate).
The process of carbon fixation is a crucial step in photosynthesis, where carbon dioxide (\(CO_{2}\)) is converted into organic molecules. This process occurs in the stroma of the chloroplasts in plant cells. The primary molecule involved in carbon fixation is RuBP, which stands for ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate.
RuBP serves as the acceptor molecule \(CO_{2}\) during the initial stages of carbon fixation. The enzyme responsible for this reaction is called rubisco (ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase). Rubisco catalyzes the reaction between \(CO_{2}\) and RuBP, resulting in the formation of an unstable intermediate compound. This compound then breaks down into two molecules of 3-phosphoglycerate (3-PGA).
3-PGA is subsequently converted into glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P), which is a key intermediate in the synthesis of glucose and other carbohydrates. G3P can be further utilized in various metabolic pathways to produce sugars, starches, and other organic compounds necessary for plant growth and energy storage.
While NADPH and ATP play critical roles in the overall process of photosynthesis, they are not directly involved in the initial carbon fixation step. They are generated during light-dependent reactions and are used in subsequent steps of photosynthesis, such as the reduction of 3-PGA to G3P.
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Related Questions
Two brothers were under medical treatment for infertility. Microscopic examination of their semen shows that although the sperm looked normal, they did not move properly. the doctors studying the cases decided that both men had a problem with one particular cell organelle. Which one?
Answers
Mitochondria is providing energy to the tail of sperm which helps sperm to move. The mitochondria is the cell organelle that creates problem in the movement of sperm. Thus, option E is correct.
What are cell organelles?Cell organelles are defined as subcellular structure present in the cell and has specific function to perform just same as organ does in the body.
Mitochondria is known as power house of the cell and its function is to provide energy to the cell.
Endoplasmic reticulum is a large structure that plays the role of storage of calcium,protein synthesis and lipid metabolism.
Therefore,mitochondria is providing energy to the tail of sperm which helps sperm to move. The mitochondria is the cell organelle that creates problem in the movement of sperm. Thus, option E is correct.
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Alice was participating in a photosynthesis lab for science class. The lab procedures instructed Alice to prepare a test tube containing water, a sprig of elodea (a common aquarium plant), and 10 g of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3). She was then instructed to place the test tube in front of a strong light source for one minute. Alice noticed tiny bubbles forming on the leaves of the elodea. What is the most logical explanation for why Alice saw bubbles forming on the leaves of the elodea?Group of answer choicesThe bubbles formed as a result of the hydrogen from the sodium bicarbonate mixture dissolving the elodea leaves.The bubbles formed from the release of water molecules from the elodea leaves.The bubbles formed as the elodea plant released oxygen from the elodea leaves.The bubbles formed as the elodea plant released carbon dioxide from the elodea leaves.
Answers
Step 1.
Write down the experiment data.
- tube containing water;
- alodea (photosynthetic organism);
- 10 g of sodium bicarbonate;
- light source.
Step 2.
Why bubbles are formed on the leaves of the alodea?
The experiment have all the condictions for photosynthesis, since it provides: water (that is in the tube), CO2 (because of the dissolved sodium bicarbonate), light (because of the string light source). Therefore the most ogical explanation for Alice experiment results is: the bubbles formed as the elodea plant releases oxygen from the elodea leaves, that because with all the elements in the experiment the plant can do a normal photosynthetic process that way realing oxygen in the tube and forming bubbles of "air".
Why does boys have a higher blood pressure?
Answers
In puberty, when androgen levels are increasing, blood pressure is higher in boys than in girls. Another fact that testosterone caused in higher blood pressure in boys.
Hence,boys have a higher blood pressure.
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factors that affect hardness of water
Answers
What is pollination? Identify three ways pollen can be transferred. How is cross-pollination different
from self-pollination?
Answers
Answer:
The transfer of pollen to a stigma, ovule, flower, or plant to allow fertilization. It can be transferred by things that feed from what has pollen. Self-pollination occurs when the pollen from the anther is deposited on the stigma of the same flower, or another flower on the same plant. Cross-pollination is the transfer of pollen from the anther of one flower to the stigma of another flower on a different individual of the same species.
according to this tree, which group or groups of organisms are most closely related to frogs?
Answers
Compared to lizards, humans and frogs are more distantly connected. Fishes are the taxon with which frogs have the most recent shared ancestor.
What qualifies someone as an ancestor?An ancestor is a parent or (successively) the parent of a precursor and is often referred to as a founding father, about to, or forebear . A a progenitor "any individual from whom one descends. The individual who might have inherited an estate, according to law."
A family exists in ancestor?A family member's antecedent is their ancestor. Any individual that wealth is inherited either legal act or succession is an ancestor in a legal sense, notably there under law of inheritance. Only natural individuals are considered ancestors in this context.
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as monoculture becomes more profitable, some crop varieties are threatened with extinction. which of the following would be the best solution to this global economic problem?
A. encouraging developing countries to participate in global trade
B.establishing international agreements to prevent overfishing
c.creating and international seed bank to protect biodiversity
d.forming strict regulations on greenhouse gas emissions
I need the answers asap
Answers
What happens to the domains in this iron nail when the south pole of a
magnet approaches it from the right?
A. All the arrows align to point left.
B. All the arrows align to point up.
C. All the arrows align to point right.
D. All the arrows align to point down.
Answers
Answer:
I believe the correct answer is B. All the arrows align to point up.
Explanation:
Which element is a metal?
O A. Ne
O B. Xe
C. F
D. Mo
Answers
Answer:
D. Molybdenum
So a metal is: a class of elements characterized by physical properties that include shininess, malleability, ductility, and conductivity.
So what is molybdenum?
It has the atomic number 42 and is a silvery-gray transition metal. Although the free element is not found in nature, it has an extremely high melting point—the sixth highest of all known elements. It is mostly mined and manufactured for alloying, notably with steel.
Uses for molybdenum metal include:
An alloying agent gives quenched and tempered steels their hardenability and toughness. Additionally, it increases steels' strength at high temperatures (red-hardness). In nickel-based alloys (such Hastelloys) and stainless steels, it gives chemical solutions heat resistance and corrosion resistance. Electrodes for forehearths and glass furnaces that use electricity for heating. Uses for nuclear energy, such as in missile and aircraft parts (where high temperature resistance is vital).As a catalyst in the petroleum refining process. In electronic and electrical applications as a filament material.As a pillar of support for lightbulbs and radios.Electric connections that are arc resistant.Sheaths for thermocouplesCoatings for other metals that prevent corrosion and flames (generally arc deposited for metallising).Which of the following is an example of a detritus food chain?
A. Graas, Insects, Snakes.
B. Plankton, Large fish, small fish.
C. Organic matter, Bacteria, Molluscs.
D. All of the above.
Answers
Explanation:
Detritus food chain is the type of food chain that starts with dead organic materials. The dead organic substances are decomposed by microorganisms. The organisms that feed on dead organic matter or detritus, are known as detritivores or decomposers. These detritivores are later eaten by predators.
Was the Carboniferous period before dinosaurs???
HELP 15 POINTS
Answers
Answer:
YES
Explanation:
Dinosaurs first existed 230 million years ago whereas the carboniferous period existed 359 million years ago .
HOPE THAT HELPED.
the kidneys regulate the osmotic concentration of body fluids by producing either dilute or concentrated urine depending upon the needs of the body. the normal range of specific gravity of human urine is 1.001-1.028. if you perform a dipstick urinalysis and discover that the specific gravity of the sample is 1.028, what does this indicate?
Answers
If the specific gravity of a urine sample is 1.028, it indicates that the kidneys have produced concentrated urine. This means that the body needs to conserve water and the kidneys are reducing the amount of water in the urine to maintain the osmotic concentration of body fluids.
A higher specific gravity also suggests that there may be a reduced water intake or excessive loss of fluid through sweating or urination. It is important to consider other factors and symptoms when interpreting the results of a dipstick urinalysis, as specific gravity alone does not provide a complete picture of kidney function or overall health.
The kidneys regulate the osmotic concentration of body fluids by producing either dilute or concentrated urine depending on the needs of the body. The normal range of specific gravity for human urine is 1.001-1.028.
If you perform a dipstick urinalysis and discover that the specific gravity of the sample is 1.028, this indicates that the urine is concentrated, which may suggest dehydration or other conditions causing reduced fluid intake or increased fluid loss. It is essential to consider other factors and consult a healthcare professional for further evaluation.
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Protein metabolism is difficult because.......
Group of answer choices
fad diet products are expensive; exercise is free!
the proteins shape can change
nitrogenous wastes like ammonia and urea build up.
ATP cannot be made from protein.
proteins contain 9kcal/gram.
Answers
Protein metabolism is difficult because nitrogenous wastes like ammonia and urea build up. This is the answer. A long answer is given below.
Protein metabolism is one of the most complex processes carried out by living organisms because it includes the breakdown of amino acids and their conversion into other amino acids, sugars, fats, and other metabolic intermediates. The products of protein metabolism, which include nitrogenous wastes like ammonia and urea, are potentially toxic and must be removed from the body. The liver is responsible for metabolizing the nitrogenous wastes produced by protein metabolism, which are excreted by the kidneys.
If the liver or kidneys are damaged or functioning poorly, the buildup of nitrogenous wastes in the bloodstream can lead to serious health issues. Additionally, the energy required for protein metabolism is higher than that required for other types of metabolism, as proteins contain 9 kcal/gram of energy, compared to 4 kcal/gram for carbohydrates and fats. Therefore, the body must expend more energy to break down and metabolize protein. Finally, ATP cannot be made from protein, as it can from carbohydrates and fats, which are more efficient energy sources. As a result, the body must use protein to make glucose or fatty acids, which can then be used to produce ATP.
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1. Do you think air pressure increases or decreases the higher up you
go in the atmosphere?
Answers
Answer:
it decreases
Explanation:
Answer:
I think the air pressure will decrease as you go higher in the atmosphere.
Which of the following is not considered a chemical property?
A) Reactivity
B) Flammbiity
C) Solubility
D) Oxodation
Answers
Solubility is a physical property, not a chemical property. Correct option is C.
Chemical properties are characteristics of a substance that describe how it can undergo chemical reactions or change into different substances. Reactivity, flammability, and oxidation are all chemical properties because they describe how a substance can interact with other substances or undergo chemical changes.
On the other hand, solubility is a physical property because it describes how a substance can dissolve in a particular solvent without changing its chemical composition.
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Describe the causes and effects of ocean waves and tides
Answers
Answer:
Waves transmit energy, not water, and are commonly caused by the wind as it blows across the ocean, lakes, and rivers. Waves caused by the gravitational pull of the moon and the sun are called tides. The ebb and flow of waves and tides are the life force of our world ocean.
Explanation:
How many chromosomes does a normal passeriformes have?
Answers
Answer:
In general, bird karyotypes have a high diploid number (2n) of typically around 80 chromosomes that are divided into macro- and microchromosomes
which of the following describes a reason for making a prediction when doing a controlled experiment
a. To understand the nature of an experimental subject
b. To provide a context for why a specific question was asked
c. To indicate what specific results will support a hypothesis
d. To identify a useful and reliable source of scientific information
Answers
To indicate what specific results will support a hypothesis.
Experiment plays many roles in science. One of its important roles is to test theories and to provide the basis for scientific knowledge.What is hypothesis?A hypothesis is an assumption, an idea that is proposed for the sake of argument so that it can be tested to see if it might be true.In the scientific method, the hypothesis is constructed before any applicable research has been done, apart from a basic background review.To know more about experiment here
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Natural selection is one of the key mechanisms that lead evolution. Some organisms have
genes that improve their ability to survive and reproduce. If these genes also help their offspring
to survive and reproduce, then which of the following will most likely increase?
A. The frequency of the genes, one individual
B. The number of genes in one chromosome
C. The number of genes in the species
D. The frequency of genes in the population
Answers
Answer:
The answer is D, I believe
Define Digestive System
Answers
Some say the precautionary principle is analogous to the judicial concept "guilty until proven innocent. " In the United States , one is " innocent until proven guilty " in the court system. Do you think regulators in the United States should apply the precautionary principle to chemicals for which toxicity levels have not been determined ? Explain your reasoning
Answers
I believe that regulators in the United States should apply the precautionary principle to chemicals for which toxicity levels have not been determined.
By doing this, regulators can ensure that the public is protected from potentially hazardous substances, even before toxicity levels are known. This is especially important given that many chemicals and substances have been found to be dangerous to humans even after they have been used for a long time.
The precautionary principle can help to prevent potential health risks to people by ensuring that dangerous substances are not released into the environment before their toxicity levels are known.
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distinguish between bone and cartilage
Answers
Answer:
bones are the hard, inelastic and a tough organ that forms part of the vertebral skeleton. Cartilage is a soft, elastic and flexible connective tissue that protects the bone from rubbing against each other.
Explanation:
I NEED HELPPPP PLEASEEE:(
Answers
Answer: A
Explanation:
Ecological succession is the process of change in the species structure of an ecological community over time. The time scale can be decades (for example, after a wildfire), or even millions of years after a mass extinction.
Which statement best summarizes the process represented by the model?
Chloroplast
Intermembrane B
A Space
Outer Membrane
Granum
(Stack of Thylakoids)
Thylakoid
Light
Dependent
Reactions
C
F
ENT
Calvin
Cycle
D
G
Inner Membrane
Stroma
(Fluid)
OA. Energy from sunlight moves through trophic levels.
B. Solar enerav is converted and stored in chemical bonds.
Answers
Answer: solar energy is converted and stored in chemical bonds.
Explanation:
What role does DNA's structure play in its function (for example, the type of bonds holding the bases together vs the type of bonds holding
the sugar/phosphate together)?
Answers
Answer:
DNA is the information molecule. It stores instructions for making other large molecules, called proteins. These instructions are stored inside each of your cells, distributed among 46 long structures called chromosomes. These chromosomes are made up of thousands of shorter segments of DNA, called genes.
How does waste removal in a fetus differ from waste removal after birth?
A) Fetal waste is removed through the chorion; infant waste is removed through the rectum.
B) Fetal waste is removed through the rectum; infant waste is removed through the chorion.
C) Fetal waste is removed through the ductus venosus; infant waste is removed through the rectum.
D) Fetal waste is removed through the large intestine; infant waste is removed through the ductus venosus.
Answers
Answer: A) Fetal waste is removed through the chorion; infant waste is removed through the rectum.
Explanation:
A developing fetus is surrounded by chorion which is an outer membrane. The role of the chorion is to protect the embryo and provide nutrition to it in the form of blood supply. It helps in getting rid of waste products from the developing fetus that goes into the mother blood to remove out of her body. In case of infants the rectum is the last part of the digestive tract and it receives the waste in the form of fecal matter from small intestine which is removed out through the rectum.
1. Which of the following is an example of sexual reproduction? *
a. a cell from a male trout joins a cell from a female trout
b. budding of a hydra
c. bacteria undergoing binary fission
d. fragmentation in planarian worms
Answers
Answer:
A
Explanation:
And keep in mind that binary fission is asexual which is the opposite of sexual reproduction
a(n) enzyme immunoassay (eia) uses immobilized pathogen-specific antibody and enzyme-labeled pathogen-specific antibody to detect pathogen antigen in patient samples such as blood.
Answers
A direct enzyme immunoassay (EIA) uses immobilized pathogen-specific antibody and enzyme-labeled pathogen-specific antibody to detect pathogen antigen in patient samples such as blood.
What is an immunoassay?
An immunoassay (IA) is a biochemical test that uses an antigen or an antibody to detect the presence or concentration of a macromolecule or a small molecule in a solution (sometimes). The molecule that the immunoassay detects is frequently referred to as a "analyte," and it is frequently a protein. However, other types of molecules, of various sizes and types, may also be detected, provided that the appropriate antibodies that have the necessary properties for the assay are developed. Immunoassays are widely used to measure analytes in biological liquids such as serum or urine for medical and scientific applications.
A direct ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) is an immunosorbent test that uses plates to detect and quantify a particular analyte (such as antigens, antibodies, proteins, hormones, peptides, etc.) from a complicated biological sample.Hence, a direct enzyme immunoassay (eia) uses immobilized pathogen-specific antibody and enzyme-labeled pathogen-specific antibody to detect pathogen antigen in patient samples such as blood.
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16. How does aspirin relieve the symptoms of the flu?
(1) It forms a barrier around the outer surface of PGHS-2 molecules,
separating them from the prostaglandins.
(2) It dissolves the crystal of the enzyme, preventing it from producing
prostaglandins.
(3) It is an acid that dissolves the prostaglandins that cause the symptoms.
(4) It reduces the amount of raw material reaching the active site of the
enzyme that produces prostaglandins.
Answers
A patient goes to the doctor and has a blood pressure of 138/88. Below is a chart that shows the effects of different blood pressures on your body.
Answers
Answer:
4
Explanation: