Hemophilia is an X-linked disorder. A woman who is heterozygous for hemophilia marries a man who has hemophilia. What are the chances their children will have hemophilia
• Assign a letter to the two alleles for hemophilia: normal = _____ hemophilia = _____
• Genotypes of parents: ______ X ______
• Phenotypes of parents:
• What is the probability that a female child would have hemophilia?
Answers
Hemophilia is an X-linked disorder.
Alleles of hemophilia:
Normal allele: X
Hemophilia allele: Xh
Genotypes of parents:
Heterozygous woman: XHXh
Man who has hemophilia: XhXH (he only has one X chromosome)
Phenotypes of parents:
Heterozygous woman: Carrier (normal phenotype)
Man who has hemophilia: Hemophiliac (homozygous recessive phenotype)
Probability that a female child would have hemophilia:
The possible offspring from the parents:
Heterozygous female: XHXh
Hemophiliac male: XhXH
Heterozygous female: XHXh
Heterozygous female: XHXH
Hemophiliac male: XhXh
The probability that a female child would have hemophilia is 0%. This is because the mother needs to be homozygous for the disease, and neither parent is homozygous for the disease.
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Related Questions
Which of the graphs below represents accuracy?
Answers
Graph D represents accuracy. Therefore, option D is correct.
Accuracy refers to the degree of correctness or precision of a measurement, calculation, prediction, or statement in relation to the true or expected value. It is a fundamental concept used to assess the reliability and validity of various processes and systems, including scientific experiments, statistical models, data analysis, and information retrieval.
It quantifies the absence of errors from the desired or expected outcome. Accuracy is often expressed as a percentage or a decimal value, representing the proportion or fraction of correct results.
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In PCR, a DNA polymerase is used in vitro to replicate a specific stretch of DNA within a DNA sample. However, none of the other proteins involved in DNA replication in vivo are needed. List the other proteins that are required for DNA replication in a living cell, and for each, explain why it does not need to be included in a PCR reaction.
Answers
Answer:
See the answer below
Explanation:
Apart from DNA polymerase, other enzymes (proteins) that are required for DNA replication in a living cell include:
HelicasePrimaseLigase; andGyraseThe helicase enzyme functions to unwind the double helix structure of the DNA during replication. This enzyme is not needed in the PCR because only a specific stretch of a single strand DNA is needed.
The primase enzyme functions to synthesize RNA primers during DNA replication. The required primer is added directly during PCR and this makes the use of the primase enzyme unnecessary.
The ligase enzyme functions to join the Okazaki fragments of the discontinuously replicated lagging strand of the DNA during replication. There is no leading nor lagging strand in PCR and replication of the target section of the DNA is done continuously. Hence, there is no need for the ligase enzyme.
The gyrase enzyme assists in the supercoiling of DNA strands that have been initially unwound during replication. Since only a stretch of DNA is utilized for PCR, no supercoiling is needed and, hence, no need for the gyrase enzyme.
TRUE / FALSE.
chlamydia trachomatis produces a dormant, resistant stage which is transmitted from one host to another. group of answer choices true false
Answers
The statement is true. Chlamydia trachomatis can produce a dormant, resistant stage that is transmitted from one host to another. Chlamydia trachomatis is a bacterial species that can cause various infections in humans, including sexually transmitted infections and ocular infections.
This bacterium has a unique life cycle that involves both an active and a dormant stage. The dormant stage, known as the elementary body, is a small, round, and infectious form of the bacterium. It is resistant to environmental conditions and can survive outside the host for a period of time.
During transmission, the elementary bodies of Chlamydia trachomatis are typically responsible for infecting new hosts. They can be transmitted through sexual contact, contaminated objects, or from an infected mother to her newborn during childbirth. Once inside a new host, the elementary bodies can enter host cells and differentiate into a metabolically active form called the reticulate body, which replicates and causes infection.
Therefore, it is true that Chlamydia trachomatis produces a dormant, resistant stage (elementary body) that is transmitted from one host to another.
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What organisms have mutually beneficial interactions? I WILL GIVE BRAINLIEST AND
A. Birds get nectar from flowers and pollinate them at the same time.
B. An eagle hunts a rabbit as a source of food.
C. Hyenas steal and eat a fresh kill that was made by a cheetah
Answers
Answer:
A
Explanation:
Both the flower and birds are benefitting, while when a eagle hunts a rabbit, how's the rabbit going to benefit? It's in the eagle's belly... Hyenas eating the food that the cheetahs left? How's the cheetah benefitting?
66
In Drosophila, the genes for withered wings (whd), smooth abdomen (sm) and speck body (sp) are located on chromosome 2 and are separated by the following map distances:
whd ----------(30.5)----------sm-----(15.5)-----sp
A female with withered wings and a smooth abdomen was mated to a male with a speck body.
The resulting phenotypically wild-type females were mated with males that had the mutant phenotype for all three traits, producing 2000 offspring.
Question: Assume that interference for these genes is 0.3. Calculate the number of observed double crossover progeny. Enter your answer as a whole number, rounded to the nearest integer
Answers
Assuming that the interference for these genes is 0.3 We anticipate 94 double crossover offspring from this cross.
When two genes are linked, which means they are on the same chromosome, the frequency of crossover offspring seen is proportional to the distance between them, with 1% recombinant offspring being equal to 1 map unit (mU) or 1 centiMorgan (cM) of distance.
The map of these three genes shows that the distance between genes whd and sm is 30.5 mU, while the distance between sm and sp is 15.5 mU. Based on this, the probability of a crossover between genes whd and sm is 0.305, or 30.5%, while the probability of a crossover between sm and sp is 0.155, or 15.5%. To calculate the expected number of double crossover offspring from these three genes, we must first calculate the probability of this event occurring. This compound probability is calculated by multiplying the individual probabilities of each crossover occurring together, yielding the probability of both occurring simultaneously as follows:
P(whd/sm ∩ sm/sp) = P(whd/sm) × P(sm/sp)
P(whd/sm ∩ sm/sp) = 0.305 x 0.155
P(whd/sm ∩ sm/sp) = 0.047
Now that we know the probability of a double crossover event is 0.047, we can multiply it by the total number of offspring given for this cross, 2000, to calculate the expected number of double crossover offspring.
N=0.047 × 2000 = 94
As a result, we anticipate 94 double crossover offspring from this cross.
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A high school student noticed that the house plants growing near his window were
much taller than the plants growing on the other side of his room. He wondered if
the amount of sunlight the plants were receiving was affecting their growth.
What part of the scientific method does this best represent?
Answers
Answer:Photosynthesis
How does the color adaptation help fish residing in the coral reefs?
Answers
Answer:
Fish found in coral reefs also have bright coloring to help with mating or camouflage. Due to the wide variety of prey found in coral reefs, the fish have developed a generalized feeding structure to take advantage of the biodiversity. Lastly sessile animals, such as coral, have adapted toxins to keep away predators.
Explanation:
Answer:
Many fish have color patterns that help them blend in with their environment. This may allow the fish to avoid being seen by a predator. Some fish, such as the flat fishes (Pleuronectiforms) , can change their skin coloration to match the surrounding habitat. Fish can also have disruptive markings to hide body parts
Explanation:
The lungs absorb dash gas and excrete waste carbon dioxide
Answers
Answer:
Oxygen
Explanation:
Which is the correct net ionic equation for the reaction of AgNO3 and CaCl2?
Answers
Answer:
2Ag⁺(aq) + 2Cl⁻(aq) -> 2AgCl(s)
Silver nitrate and calcium chloride will react in a double displacement reaction (which has to produce a precipitate, a gas, or water to have a reaction).
This reaction will produce a silver chloride precipitate and a solution of calcium nitrate.
The reaction will be 2AgNO3(aq) + CaCl2(aq) -> 2AgCl(s) + Ca(NO3)2(aq)
To write a net ionic equation:
1. Write the balanced molecular equation.
2AgNO3 + CaCl2 -> 2AgCl(ppt) + Ca(NO3)2
2. Write the balanced complete ionic equation.
To write the complete ionic equation:
- Start with a balanced molecular equation.
2AgNO3(aq) + CaCl2(aq) -> 2AgCl(s) + Ca(NO3)2(aq)
- Break all soluble strong electrolytes (compounds with (aq) beside them) into their ions
indicate the correct formula and charge of each ion
indicate the correct number of each ion
write (aq) after each ion
- Bring down all compounds with (s), (l), or (g) unchanged.
2Ag⁺(aq) + 2NO³⁻(aq) + Ca²⁺(aq) + 2Cl⁻(aq) -> 2AgCl(s) + Ca²⁺(aq) + 2NO³⁻(aq)
3. Cross out the spectator ions that are present. Spectator ions are ions that are present in the reaction mixture but do not participate in it. You can recognize spectator ions by looking for ions that are present on both sides of the equation.
4. Write the "leftovers" as the net ionic equation.
2Ag⁺(aq) + 2Cl⁻(aq) -> 2AgCl(s)
Take two plants allow one to grow in sunlight and allow other plant to grow in dark
Answers
Sunlight helps the plant photosynthesize which is needed to keep the plant alive and growing. Without light the plant will not be able to photosynthesize and will eventually die.
2. Apply knowledge and understanding of Mendelian genetics to suggest solutions to problems set
in familiar situations (1-2).
a. Determine the phenotype for each genotype using the information provided about flower color:
I
If green seed is dominant to yellow seed, then
GG______ Gg_______ gg______
Answers
Answer:
GG phenotype - Green
Gg phenotype - Green
gg phenotype - Yellow
saliva contains _____ and _____, which are both antibacterial components of the gi system's defenses against microbes.
Answers
Saliva contains lysozyme and lactoferrin, which are both antibacterial components of the GI system's defenses against microbes.
Saliva contains lysozyme and lactoferrin, both of which are antibacterial components and contribute to the gastrointestinal system's defenses against microbes. Lysozyme is an enzyme that can break down the cell walls of certain bacteria, inhibiting their growth and promoting their destruction.
Lactoferrin is a glycoprotein that can bind to iron, an essential nutrient for bacterial growth, thus limiting the availability of iron to bacteria and impeding their survival. These antibacterial components in saliva play a role in maintaining oral health and preventing the colonization and proliferation of harmful bacteria in the oral cavity, contributing to the overall defense mechanisms of the gastrointestinal system.
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which observations are examples of homologies? the pax6 gene in vertebrates and the eyeless gene in flies have similar sequences, and both regulate embryonic eye development. the pharyngeal arches found in all vertebrate embryos develop into gill supports in fish and throat structures in mammals. the ability to fly using elongated wings developed independently in the lineages that led to birds, pterosaurs, and bats. the bones that support the wings of birds, pterosaurs, and bats are arranged in the same order in each animal. the skin flaps for gliding that evolved separately in sugar gliders and flying squirrels help them use similar habitat niches.
Answers
Pharyngeal arches found in all vertebrate embryos are homologous and the bones that support the wings of birds, pterosaurs and bats are homologous.
Pax6 gene is homologous at least to the level of a Bilateria. It is responsible for both insect compound eyes and vertebrate eyes. But the Pax6 gene originated before the origin of eyes in both lineages and must have been independently adopted by both lineages. So it is not homologous, despite seemingly appearing that it is resulting in different organs with the same origin. Pharyngeal arches found in all vertebrate embryos are homologous. The gill supports in fish and the throat structures in mammals originate from pharyngeal arches. The ability to fly using elongated wings in birds, bats, and pterosaurs is not homologous. All these wings despite having some purpose originated independently from one another. The bones that support the wings of birds, pterosaurs and bats are homologous and have the same origin despite having been used for supporting different kinds of wings. The skin flaps for gliding in sugar gliders and flying squirrels have different origins but the same purpose so they are not homologous.
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The X chromosome in human cells consists of 20MB of information encoded on N=1.6×10 8
base-pairs in a DNA double helix molecule. The information is processed as mechanisms open one end of the double helix molecule and break base-pair bonds. Assume the opposite end remains closed and energy ε is needed to break a single base-pair. Index s(0≤s≤N) labels the site of a specific base pair starting from the opening end and pair s can break provided all pairs less than s are already broken (see figure for s=6 below where dashed lines represent broken bonds). Each broken bond pair along the molecular backbone can then adopt G possible orientations each of which are degenerate in energy (see curved arrows in figure for s=1 ). (a) If the DNA molecule is in thermal equilibrium with the body at temperature T, explain which ensemble is appropriate to model the thermodynamics of this system. (b) Write down the appropriate partition function, Z, for the system in terms of the sum over microstates. (c) To first approximation, setting G=1, determine an expression for the expected energy, ≪E≫, of the molecule in the low temperature limit where T<ε/k B
. (d) Hence find the expected number of broken bonds, ⟨s≫⟩, in the low temperature limit. (e) If the average binding energy of a base pair is 79 kJ/mol, does the body temperature T= 310 K, constitute the high or low temperature limit for ⟨⟨s≫ ? What does this imply for the stability of the DNA molecule in the body? S
Answers
If the DNA molecule is in thermal equilibrium with the body at temperature T, canonical ensemble is appropriate to model the thermodynamics of this system.
(a) The correct ensemble for modeling the thermodynamics of the DNA molecule is the canonical ensemble.
(b) The partition function, Z, of the system in terms of the sum over microstates is given by
Z=∑s
=1NGB(s)exp(−εskBTT)
(c) In the low temperature limit where T<ε/kB, the expression for the expected energy, ≪E≫, of the molecule to the first approximation and for
G=1 is≪E≫
=Nε−ε⟨s⟩d⟨s⟩dT
(d) By taking the derivative of E with respect to T and setting it to 0, the expected number of broken bonds, s, can be obtained.
s = N(1−exp(−εkBTT))
(e) For T=310 K, the average binding energy of a base pair is 79 kJ/mol. This temperature is much higher than the low-temperature limit, implying that the DNA molecule in the body is stable. This means that the expected number of broken bonds will be very low.
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Dakota lives in New Orleans. He knows that scientists have predicted some changes on Earth due to global warming, and he is concerned this will affect his city.
What effects are scientists concerned about in relation to global warming? Choose two
A. increase in melting of sea ice B. decreasing sea levels C. decreases in temperatures
Answers
Increasing sea levels. Global warming is included in the expression" climate change" but it also refers to a wider diapason of planetary marvels. These include changes in flower/ factory blooming seasons, abating mountain glaciers, accelerated ice melt in Greenland, Antarctica, and the Arctic, and rising ocean situations.
What about global warming?Environmental changes brought on by global warming may have a negative influence on mortal health.Also, it can affect an increase in ocean position, which poses a trouble to biodiversity, a change in rush patterns, an increase in the liability of famines and cataracts, and the loss of littoral land.Storms, heat swells, cataracts, and famines are just a many of the disasters that are getting worse as a result of rising temperatures.Warmer temperatures produce an atmosphere that can hold onto, release, and gather further water.This alters rainfall patterns similar to wet areas get wetter and dry bones get drier.Temperature increases, water restrictions, increased fire peril, failure, factory and nonentity irruptions, severe storm damage, and swab irruption are just a many of the ways that global warming impacts ecosystems.Mortal health is formerly being impacted by climate change.Life is at stake when rainfall and climatic trends change.One of the most murderous meteorological marvels is heat.Hurricanes are getting more violent and wet as ocean temperatures increase, which can affect both direct and circular losses.Learn more about global warming here:
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a disaccharide forms when group of answer choices two monosaccharides join by hydrolysis. two starches join by hydrolysis. two monosaccharides join by dehydration synthesis. two starches join by dehydration synthesis.
Answers
A disaccharide forms when two monosaccharides join by dehydration synthesis. Dehydration synthesis is a chemical reaction in which a water molecule is removed to form a bond between the two monosaccharides.
This process is also known as condensation. In this reaction, a hydroxyl group (-OH) from one monosaccharide combines with a hydrogen atom (-H) from the other monosaccharide, resulting in the formation of a covalent bond between the two monosaccharides. This bond is called a glycosidic bond. Examples of disaccharides include sucrose (formed by the combination of glucose and fructose) and lactose (formed by the combination of glucose and galactose).
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Energy that is stored in a person or object is called _____ energy
Answers
Answer:
potential energy?
Which of the following describes how the amount of available energy changes from one trophic level to another? A) Available energy increases as trophic levels indrease. B) Available energy decreases as trophic levels increase. ) Available energy increases from producers to primary consumers, and then decreases. D) Available energy remains the same from one trophic level to the next E) Available energy decreases as trophic levels decrease.
Answers
Answer:
B) Available energy decreases as trophic levels increase.
Explanation:
Each time an organism consumes energy, it absorbs it. When it dies the energy is released and only some of it is consumed the organism that eats the first organism. This continues and by the end there is very little energy left because most of it was released into the world.
Answer:
B. Available energy decreases as trophic levels increase
Explanation:
when using bacteria to clone a human gene and express its product, as in the case of insulin, the gene cannot contain introns because bacteria do not have the enzymes to process mrna. how do scientists overcome this challenge?
Answers
To clone a human gene and express its product in bacteria, introns cannot be present in the gene as bacteria lack the enzymes to process mRNA. Scientists overcome this challenge by using recombinant DNA technology to remove the introns from the gene before introducing it into the bacterial host.
Recombinant DNA technology is used to overcome the challenge of introns in cloning a human gene and expressing its product in bacteria. In this process, the human gene is first isolated from a human cell and then inserted into a plasmid, a small circular DNA molecule, using restriction enzymes. The plasmid is then introduced into the bacterial host, where it replicates and expresses the human gene. To remove the introns from the gene, reverse transcriptase is used to generate complementary DNA (cDNA) from the mature mRNA produced by human cells, which lacks introns. This cDNA can then be inserted into the plasmid and introduced into the bacterial host. As a result, the bacteria can produce a protein product from the human gene without the presence of introns. This process has been used successfully to produce a variety of human proteins in bacterial hosts, including insulin.
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How could mutation benefit a virus to make it more virulent?
Make a claim
Evidence
Reasoning
Answers
disruption 〽️〽️〽️〽️〽️
Oranges, limes and curd have a sour taste. Why?
Answers
Answer:
They all have citric acid and other acids in them... which is the sour taste...
Explanation:
also prolly sounds dum.b the way i did it....
Answer:
wanna zoo.m
Explanation:
Which example describes a behavioral adaptation?
A. A bird builds its nest in the ash near a volcano.
B. A whale has the ability to hold its breath for 20 minutes.
C. A fox's hair is white in the winter and brown in the summer.
D. A monkey has long arms that allow it to swing from one branch to another.
Answers
Answer:
a, bird builds its nest in the ash near a volcano
Explanation:
Need this with this for my homework
Answers
Answer:
The 2nd choice would be the correct answer.
Explanation:
Abiotic is referring to non-living.
it can be very difficult to select an angle for sneaking up to a grasshopper to catch it because grasshoppers have
Answers
Answer:
compound eyes and multiple ommatidia
quizlet verified BIO 1306 Ch. 50 Exam 2
:D
What is the probability that an F2 offspring will be tall with green pods? What is the probability that an F2 offspring will be short with yellow pods?
Answers
Answer:
The correct answer is -
1) 9/16
2) 1/16
Explanation:
The probability of an offspring in F2 generation that exhibits dominant traits for both characteristics (green pod and tall pod shape) is 9/16.
The probability of one dominant and one recessive trait (either greed pod color and short OR yellow pod and tall) is 3/16.
The probability of recessive traits for both characteristics showing in the phenotype (yellow color and short) is 1/16. This gives as a 9:3:3:1 ratio for the phenotypes (phenotypic ratio).
The correct answer is -
1) 9/16
2) 1/16
the digestive systems of different animals have various adaptations based on the food they eat and their environment. which of the statements below about these adaptations is false?
Answers
Answer:
There are no statements provided. I cannot help you until you provide these statements.
Explanation:
Complete each statement to describe sexual reproduction.
The
is the male sex cell.
The
is the female sex cell.
A
forms as a result of fertilization.
Answers
Answer: sperm.... egg.... zygote
Explanation: hope this helps
Answer: The sperm is the male sex cell.
The egg is the female sex cell.
A zygote forms as a result of fertilization.
Explanation:
________ is the greenhouse gas that has had the most impact on climate change and it is released into the atmosphere by __________.A. CuSO4 (copper sulfate), miningB. SO2 (sulfur dioxide), burning fossil fuelsC. NO2 (nitrogen dioxide), deforestationD. CO2 (carbon dioxide), burning fossil fuels
Answers
Carbon dioxide is the main greenhouse gas emitted by human activities. Human activities include the burning of fossil fuels such as oil (gasoline) and coal. This gas is released into the atmosphere as complete combustion of fossil fuels is achieved.
We can conclude that the correct answer is:
Answer:D. CO2 (carbon dioxide), burning fossil fuels
What is the function of each term
Terms:
Lipids
Protein
Carbohydrates
Nucleic acids
Functions :
Provide energy for the cell
Component of cell membranes
Catalyze chemical reactions
Store genetic energy
Structure of cell walls
Answers
Answer:Lipids-Component of cell membranes
Protein-Store genetic energy
Carbohydrates-Structure of cell walls
Nucleic acids-Provide energy for the cell
Explanation:
adhesins group of answer choices are limited to only a few known types. make poor targets for vaccine development. allow pathogens to stick to host tissues only in a nonspecific manner. include molecules that are typically found deep inside the pathogenic cell. include molecules that bind to host reptors.
Answers
Adhesins are molecules that allow pathogens to bind to host tissues, and they can include molecules that bind to host receptors. However, the group of known adhesins is limited and this makes them poor targets for vaccine development. Additionally, adhesins often bind in a nonspecific manner, which further complicates their targeting. While adhesins may be important in the pathogenic process, they are not typically found deep inside the cell and are more accessible targets for vaccine development.
Hi! Adhesins are surface molecules present on pathogens that allow them to bind to host receptors, facilitating attachment to host tissues. Due to their role in the initial stages of infection, adhesins make good targets for vaccine development. By targeting adhesins, vaccines can potentially block the attachment of pathogens to host cells, thereby preventing infection.
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