General and application controls
The following controls have been implemented at GH (Pty) Ltd since they have a fully integrated computerised accounting system. The research director, Bonginkosi Dhlamini, is always interested in learning something new. He has asked you to explain general and automated application controls to him. He then presented you with the following random examples of GH (Pty) Ltd internal controls and asked you to help him classify each control correctly.
1. The IT steering committee and the head of the department must approve any change requests made by a user department before a change is affected.
2. The senior buyer and the finance manager must independently enter their unique passwords to affect changes to the banking details of suppliers.
3. Wage totals are calculated by the wages programme, incorporating the different rates for normal time and overtime.
4. The IT section head and the financial director regularly review the bank activity logs detailing all activities that have taken place. The financial director would then follow up on any suspicious activities.
5. A few months after the introduction of the new inventory application system, the internal audit department of GH (Pty) Ltd conducted a post implementation review.
6. Entry to the section of the warehouse where high-value items are kept is restricted. Swipe cards and PIN numbers are used to limit access.
7. Nine-digit employee numbers are randomly generated by the system after the details of new employees have been entered and authorised in the personnel masterfile.
8. The receiving clerk will not accept goods delivered by a supplier if the order number for the goods entered into the purchase order file does not match a valid purchase order.
9. All new employees in the payroll section must write a computer literacy test and demonstrate their computer skills.
10. The company has implemented the principles of least privilege, defence in depth and so forth in its computerisation With reference to the general and application controls section:
Indicate whether each of the controls listed under 1 – 10 above, is a general control or an automated application control. For the controls which you identify as general controls, indicate the category of general control each one relates to.
Present your answer in the following tabular format: Number, General or Automated Application control, If general, category of control
2. Revenue and receipts – approval of pending sales orders
GH (Pty) Ltd sells their manufactured sporting goods to various retailers in South Africa, Namibia and Botswana.
Sales orders can be emailed or phoned in and are then entered into the fully integrated computerised accounting system. The sales order clerks access the sales order application and completes an on-screen order form which is then automatically written into a pending sales order file. Stringent application controls ensures that orders captured are valid, accurate and complete. All pending sales orders must be approved by the credit controller on the system (thus not manually) before the order can be accepted. Processing of sales orders occurs in real time.
With reference to the Revenue and receipts – approval of pending sales orders
section:
Describe the internal controls for the approval of "pending sales orders on the computerised system" by the credit controller.
Acquisitions and payments – receiving of goods function
When raw materials from suppliers are delivered to GH (Pty) Ltd, any one of the receiving clerks will receive the goods. The receiving clerk will not accept goods delivered by a supplier if the order number for the goods entered in the system is not valid. After checking that the order number is valid, he will check the number of boxes being delivered against the supplier delivery note, sign the delivery note and retain a copy. Where the boxes delivered do not agree with the supplier’s delivery note, the difference is recorded on the delivery note and signed by both the receiving clerk and the supplier’s delivery personnel. The boxes are left in the receiving bay until a warehouse assistant have time to move it into the warehouse where the goods are unpacked and stored; usually within a day or two.
With reference to the Acquisitions and payments – receiving of goods function
section:
Recommend improvements to the internal controls of the receiving function of the GH (Pty) Ltd. Provide a reason/justification for each recommendation. Note that there may be more than one justification for a single recommendation.
Present your answer in tabular format:
Recommendation ,& Justification

1. Is he eligible for DVR services?

Yes, Dan is eligible for DVR services. DVR stands for Disability and Rehabilitation Services. It is a federal program that provides employment-related services to people with disabilities. Dan's disability, Spina Bifida, would qualify him for DVR services.

2. Is he eligible for Supported Employment?

Yes, Dan is eligible for Supported Employment. Supported Employment is a type of DVR service that provides ongoing support to people with disabilities who are trying to find and keep jobs. Dan's need for personal assistance and transportation would make him a good candidate for Supported Employment.

3. Develop an outline for an IPE to address Dan's employment related needs.

An IPE is an Individualized Plan for Employment. It is a document that outlines the employment-related goals and services that a person with a disability will receive. An IPE for Dan would include the following:

Goals: The IPE would identify Dan's employment goals, such as finding a job, getting promoted, or starting his own business.

Services: The IPE would list the services that Dan would need to achieve his goals, such as job training, job placement, or transportation assistance.

Timeline: The IPE would set a timeline for achieving Dan's goals.

Evaluation: The IPE would include a plan for evaluating Dan's progress and making adjustments to the plan as needed.

4. List the extended ongoing support services he will need to maintain employment.

The extended ongoing support services that Dan will need to maintain employment include:

Personal assistance: Dan will need personal assistance to help him with dressing, using the toilet, and transferring from his chair.

Transportation: Dan will need transportation to and from work.

Flexible work schedule: Dan may need a flexible work schedule to accommodate his personal assistance needs.

Ongoing training: Dan may need ongoing training to keep his skills up-to-date.

Support from his employer: Dan will need support from his employer to be successful in his job. This may include providing him with a workspace that is accessible to his wheelchair and making sure that his co-workers are aware of his disability.

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Option B is correct. Variability in processes can make planning and managing the process more challenging. Process variability can lead to product delays and shortages, which can lead to a damaged company reputation.

Process variability highlights the underlying variations and oscillations in a process's outcome. A number of things, including variances in building ingredients, logistics planning, human mistake, or ecological factors, might contribute to it. Process variability can cause problems including delays, faults, and higher costs while also affecting a process's effectiveness, efficiency, and quality. To maintain quality and consistency of output, businesses must track and manage process variability. To recognize and minimize process variability, strategies like Statistical Process Control (SPC) and Six Sigma can be applied.

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Answer:

The total cash flow is calculated by subtracting 'Total Operating Expenses' from 'Total Sales Revenue.'

Explanation:

Total Cash flow is the net amount of cash flow in and out in a company or enterprise. The net amount of cash flow of a business is calculated by subtracting 'Total Operating Exppenses' from 'Total Sales Revenue.'

Total Sales Revenue is the net amount of sales of the business. It is the income of a company that it has received by selling its products. Total Sales Revenue includes the income such as investments, receipts, etc.

Total Operating Expenses is the net amount of expenses incurred to the business in its operation. It includes rent, insurance, pay costs, etc.

The formula of Total Cash Flow is:

Total Sales Revenue- Total Operating Expenses= Total Cash Flow.

Answer:I think b

Explanation:

Trina requires capital category of economic recourse because to buy sewing machines. The correct optin is (c).

Capital in business refers to the cash, machines, any type of assets, bills receivable, patents etc. which is used for the business purpose.

Capital is the life line of every business. Every business assets which are used for the business activity they create the value of the business and consider as the capital of the business. Capital is the financial assets which is used in the business.

Trina wants to start the business for making clothes, so she wants to buying the sewing machines for their business and in this case the lack of capital resources. Trina wants cash to buy the sewing machines to the

start the business.

Capital is classified as assets in terms of accounting. Capital is the blood of business. Therefore to every entrepreneur needs the capital for their business/company.    

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Geographic The intended market for take-out delivered by bicycle includes residents of urban regions. This implies that delivery services would most likely divide the market into segments based on consumer preferences.

A geographic target market is what?

A marketing tactic known as geographic segmentation targets goods and services at local residents and business owners. It operates under the premise that locals have comparable needs, desires, and cultural factors.

What are some geographical examples in the target market?

A clothing company that offers online consumers various products based on the climate or season in the area they dwell in is a wonderful example of geographic segmentation. In the winter, a customer from New York will need very different attire than one from Los Angeles.

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Answer: The action button lets users play the audio file, the sound button will play an audio clip.

Explanation:

The action button lets users play the audio file once it is clicked or has a mouse over action over the assignment button. The sound button will play an audio clip that you have specified in the action settings dialog box.

When making decisions, managers are often faced with a conflict between what is beneficial for the firm in the short-term and what is beneficial for both the firm and society in the long-term.

This conflict arises because the actions that benefit the firm in the short-term may not necessarily align with the interests of society as a whole, which can lead to negative consequences for both the company and society in the long-term.

To address this conflict, a firm must adopt a long-term orientation and consider the broader social and environmental impacts of its decisions. This means looking beyond immediate financial gains and recognizing that actions taken today can have far-reaching implications for the company's reputation, customer loyalty, employee morale, and overall sustainability.

Firms that prioritize social responsibility and sustainable business practices are more likely to build strong relationships with stakeholders, including customers, employees, investors, and regulators. They are also better equipped to weather economic downturns and other disruptions, as they have diversified their risk and invested in building resilient supply chains and communities.

Ultimately, the key to addressing the conflict between short-term gains and long-term benefits is a commitment to corporate social responsibility (CSR) and sustainable business practices. By prioritizing the needs of society and the environment alongside those of shareholders, firms can create value for all stakeholders over the long-term, ensuring their continued success and impact.

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Answer:

D (all of the above)

Explanation:

When a person has gotten a job, it is critical to keep network contacts since a person never know when he will need to locate a new career, and he will stay informed and connected to bin his sector.

Relationship networking is another name for network relationships. It's all about making connections and finding ways for both sides to gain. Like the relationship, networking and partnerships intersect in numerous ways, resulting in economic potential.

Even when a person has gotten a job, it is critical to keep network contacts since you never know when you will need to locate a new career, and he will stay informed and connected to people in the sector.

With the utilization of network ties, an individual might refund the kindness by supplying career counseling and job metals to network members.

Therefore, option D is correct.

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The correct answer to this open question is the following.

Although there are no options attached we can say the following.

Inequality to employees is one of the major demerits of a multinational company. This quote can be explained in the following way.

When multinational companies open offices or branches in other countries, regularly they do it in developing nations. The reason why is because in those developing countries these compies can pay cheaper salaries. That is why they leave their native country and open fabrics in regions such as Latin America, Central America, India, or Africa. Labor is cheaper than in the United States or European countries.

So there it is the inequality. Workers labor the same hours or more than workers in developed countries, but h¿they receive less money for their work and fewer perks.

The correct statement is that the Net Pay of Juanita is correct. So, the correct option that matches the statement quoted above is A.

The computation of net pay is done by deduction of tax withholding from the gross pay available in the hands of the individual. Calculation is shown as below.

The given information regarding the pay and withholding are as,

After putting such values in the formula for computation, we can find that,

\(\rm Net\ Pay= Gross\ Pay - Tax\ Withholding\\\\\rm Net\ Pay= 1020.00- (63.24+14.79+20.33+107)\\\\\rm Net\ Pay= 1020-205.36\)

Further,

\(\rm Net\ Pay= \$814.64\)

The net pay computed is equal to the net pay given in the information above.

Hence, the correct option is A that the net pay of Juanita is correct.

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The TC curve rises and never falls due to diminishing returns. This implies that option (iv) is the correct answer.

When production is increased, the total cost rises, indicating a rising TC curve. When the production is reduced, the total cost decreases, indicating a declining TC curve. However, when we examine the long-run production period, we observe that there is a limit to the amount of output that can be obtained from the same set of inputs, and that after a certain point, output gains begin to decline. The principle of diminishing returns is in play at this point.

The quantity of output produced per unit of the variable input will fall after the point of diminishing returns is reached. This causes the total variable cost to increase, resulting in a rising TC curve. This is due to the fact that each additional unit of production requires more and more variable input, which raises the total cost. As a result, the TC curve rises and never falls. This trend is only broken when significant technological advances are made that enable greater output to be produced from the same set of inputs.

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A business process need not relate to any information system, but an information system relates to at least one business process, this statements is true about the relationship between business processes and information systems.

A business process is a logically related sequence of actions that specify how particular business tasks are carried out. It is a distinctive method of coordinating work, information, and knowledge inside an organization. Business processes are important for managers to be aware of since they affect how well a firm can conduct its operations and could provide a competitive edge. Each of the main business functions has its own unique business processes, but many of them are cross-functional. Information systems assist firms restructure and streamline business operations by automating certain of these procedures.

The official organizational division in charge of information technology services is the information systems department. It is in charge of maintaining the networks, data storage, hardware, and software that make up the company's IT infrastructure. The department is often led by a CIO and is made up of professionals including programmers, systems analysts, project managers, and information systems managers.

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The given statement" Informal groups do not exist primarily to complete tasks for the organization that management doesn't know about" is False because Informal groups are usually formed by individuals who come together based on shared interests, personal relationships.

While it is possible that informal groups may engage in tasks that management is not aware of, their main purpose is not to act as a secret task force for the organization. Instead, these groups are often formed to fulfill social needs and provide support for their members, enhancing communication and collaboration among coworkers.

Informal groups can offer several benefits to an organization, such as improving morale, increasing job satisfaction, and encouraging innovation. They can serve as a platform for sharing ideas and solving problems outside the constraints of formal hierarchies. This can lead to creative solutions and foster a sense of camaraderie among employees.

However, informal groups can also have some negative effects on an organization if not managed properly. They may create cliques or exclusivity among members, causing divisions within the workplace. Additionally, some informal groups might engage in unproductive or counterproductive behaviors that could undermine organizational goals.

In summary, informal groups are not primarily focused on completing tasks that management is unaware of, but rather they serve to build relationships, share interests, and provide support to their members, sometimes leading to positive outcomes for the organization.

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If  neely is understandably upset and wants to sue liam for defamation. if neely files a lawsuit against liam for libel, neely will probably: not be successful if Liam's comments on Neely's written evaluation were made in good faith.

Defamation which is also known as libel occur when a person  makes a false report or statement about another person  which in turn led to damage of the person character or reputation.

Based on the given scenario Neely can only be successful with the lawsuit she file against her supervisor which is Liam in a if her supervisor did not make the statement in utmost good faith.

On the other hand Neely may not be successful with the lawsuit she file  if the comments  her supervisor made on Neely written evaluation were made in utmost good faith.

Therefore we can conclude that Neely lawsuit may be unsuccessful if the her supervisor comment was made in good faith.

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The Relationship between Standard Deviation and Distribution Variability is essential for accurately interpreting statistical data.

Introduction:

In statistics, the standard deviation of a normal distribution is a measure of variability or dispersion of data points around the mean. Understanding the relationship between the standard deviation and the distribution's characteristics is essential for interpreting and analyzing data effectively.

Body:

A smaller standard deviation in a normal distribution indicates reduced variability or dispersion of data points from the mean. This means that the values are clustered more closely around the mean, resulting in a narrower and taller distribution curve. In contrast, a larger standard deviation implies a wider spread of values, leading to a broader and flatter distribution curve.

For instance, consider two normal distributions: Distribution A with a smaller standard deviation and Distribution B with a larger standard deviation. Distribution A's narrower curve indicates that the data points are concentrated within a smaller range and closer to the mean. On the other hand, Distribution B's wider curve suggests a greater spread of values and a higher degree of variability.

The smaller standard deviation in Distribution A indicates a higher level of precision and consistency in the data. It implies that the observations or measurements are more likely to be closer to the mean, with fewer extreme deviations. This characteristic is valuable in various fields where minimizing variability and increasing reliability are important, such as finance, quality control, and scientific research.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, a smaller standard deviation in a normal distribution signifies reduced variability and a tighter clustering of data points around the mean. It represents a more precise and consistent dataset, which is valuable in making reliable inferences and informed decisions. Understanding the relationship between the standard deviation.

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The price of the bond can be calculated using the present value formula, considering the coupon payments and the face value discounted at the yield-to-maturity rate. The price of the $1,000 par value bond with a coupon rate of 06.30%, semi-annual coupon payments, 12 years to maturity, and a yield-to-maturity of 08.60% is approximately $898.72.

To calculate the price of the bond, we need to determine the present value of the future cash flows, which include the semi-annual coupon payments and the face value received at maturity. The coupon rate of 06.30% is applied to the par value of $1,000 to calculate the coupon payments, which are received semi-annually for 12 years.

Using the yield-to-maturity of 08.60% as the discount rate, we discount the future cash flows back to their present value. Each coupon payment is discounted using the semi-annual yield-to-maturity rate, and the face value is discounted to its present value at the end of the 12-year period.

The present value of all the discounted cash flows is then summed up to calculate the price of the bond. The calculated price for the bond with the given parameters is approximately $898.72.

Please note that the calculation assumes a constant yield-to-maturity rate throughout the bond's life and does not consider any transaction costs or fees associated with buying or selling the bond.

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Answer:

There are two points that I would like to single out that are very similar. First by implementing tax and gift taxes, Founding Father wanted to weaken families and business of that time, since there was a threat that rich families could become permanent aristocracy which over time could lead to the point where that families will rule the US. Second, by implementing those two taxes, government is taking a share from receivers since the receivers are getting some good that they did not earn it, they have just received it as a gift or as an estate. This way inheritance or gift would be of a much lesser value then it was before someone’s death or before someone made a gift. This was important because wealth of powerful families would just accumulate and grow so government of that time, strictly out of political reasons, prescribed those two taxes, so that the wealth will be smaller of value after tax.

The idea of avoiding an aristocracy by the founders of USA is related to estate and gift taxes because:

According to the given question, we are asked to show the link which the founders of America had to preventing aristocracy and imposing estate and gift taxes.

As a result of this, we need to remember than an aristocracy is a government based on the wealthy and influential members of the society and this was one of the things which the Founding Fathers of America sought to prevent.

With this in mind, we can see that they imposed gift and estate taxes which was specifically targeted at the extremely wealthy so that their influence would be reduced and the country would not become an aristocracy.

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Answer:

Easy money is a representation of how the Fed can stimulate the economy using monetary policy. The Fed looks to create easy money when it wants to lower unemployment and boost economic growth, but a major side effect of doing so is inflation.

Explanation:

Option 2 (a currency call option on payables requires the MNC (multinational companies) to purchase the currency) is the correct answer.

The acquisition of foreign currencies is a future contract. A currency call option occurs when a multinational company borrows its home currency and converts it into foreign currency that will be needed in the future. This is an example of how hedging tactics can be employed in the money market. The hedging payable on call option would not be feasible if MNC is unable to borrow local currencies and does not convert them into foreign currency. The MNCs are required to buy domestic currencies in order to hedge their payables with currency call options.

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Answer:

each additional dollar of reserves creates $5 of deposits.

Explanation:

Money multiplier = amount deposited / reserve requirement

Increase in the total value of checkable deposit is determined by the money multiplier

(a) Planning. Determining the needed and desired requirements is an essential part of the planning phase in project management, where project managers gather information and define project objectives to establish a roadmap for successful project completion.

Determining the needed requirements and desired requirements are part of the planning phase in project management. During this phase, project managers gather information, define project objectives, and identify the specific requirements that need to be met in order to successfully complete the project. This includes identifying the essential requirements that are necessary for project success (needed requirements) as well as additional requirements that are desirable but not critical (desired requirements). By determining these requirements during the planning phase, project managers can create a roadmap for the project and establish the necessary resources and strategies to meet those requirements.

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Answer:

During the interview

Explanation:

Answer:

D During the interview

Answer:

True

Explanation:

We evaluate historical sources by determining if they are valid or reliable. The given statement is True.

You are prompted to use critical thinking skills while evaluating information to consider the authority, timeliness, point of view, and bias of various information sources. A book, article, or website is not always a trustworthy source of knowledge just because your search parameters are met by it.

Evaluating historical sources is an essential aspect of historical research, and determining their validity and reliability is crucial to understanding the past accurately. Validity refers to the accuracy and truthfulness of the information provided by the source, while reliability relates to the consistency and credibility of the source. Both validity and reliability are necessary to ensure that the historical source is trustworthy and can be used to support historical claims.

Thus, the mentioned above-given statement is true.

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Answer:

sorry too blurry

Explanation:

Answer:

Ethical implications are the impact in which psychological research could have on the rights of individuals. This could be how the research affects public policy or the way in which certain groups are viewed or treated.

Explanation:

Discuss intellectual property frankly.

Be conscious of multiple roles.

Follow informed-consent rules.

Respect confidentiality and privacy.

Tap into ethics resources

The confirmation should be within in 10 days. It should be sent by the merchant.

Reasonable time in economic and business generally can be defined as  that amount of time which is fairly necessary, conveniently, to do whatever is required to be done, as soon as circumstances permit. In contact business, reasonable time based on subjective circumstances also can be defined as  the time needed to do what a contract requires to be done.

Commercially Reasonable Period of Time generally can be described as  twelve months for a willing seller and also a willing buyer to agree on price and terms, plus the time necessary to complete the sale.

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According to supply side economics, a tax decrease increases the supply of funds and labor.

Macroeconomic theory known as supply-side economics holds that promoting free trade, reducing regulations, and tax rates are the best ways to promote economic growth. According to supply-side economics, customers will profit from increased availability of goods and services at cheaper costs, as well as a rise in employment. By increasing aggregate supply rather than aggregate demand, supply-side fiscal policies aim to boost output and employment while bringing down prices. The Laffer curve, a theoretical correlation between tax rates and revenue, serves as the theoretical foundation for supply-side economics. The Laffer curve predicts that when tax levels are too high, cutting tax rates will increase government income through faster economic growth, albeit it is debatable at what point rates are considered to be "too high."

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Answer:

cost leadership/competitive advantage