This reaction has an activation energy of about 81.6 kJ/mol.
At 30 °C, the value of k is roughly 1.10 × 10¹³ s⁻¹.
How to determine activation energy and constant?a) To calculate the activation energy, use the Arrhenius equation:
k = A × e^(-Ea/RT)
where k = rate constant, A = pre-exponential factor, Ea = activation energy, R = gas constant, and T = temperature in Kelvin.
Use the given half-lives to calculate the rate constants at each temperature:
k₁ = 0.693 / t₁/2 = 0.693 / 22.5 = 0.0308 h⁻¹ at 20°C
k₂ = 0.693 / t₁/2 = 0.693 / 1.5 = 0.462 h⁻¹ at 40°C
Converting the temperatures to Kelvin:
T1 = 20°C + 273.15 = 293.15 K
T2 = 40°C + 273.15 = 313.15 K
Now use the Arrhenius equation to calculate the activation energy:
ln(k1/k2) = (Ea/R) × (1/T₂ - 1/T₁)
ln(0.0308/0.462) = (Ea/8.314) × (1/313.15 - 1/293.15)
-3.31 = (Ea/8.314) × (0.003386)
Ea = -3.31 × 8.314 / 0.003386 = 81570 J/mol
Therefore, the activation energy for this reaction is approximately 81.6 kJ/mol.
b) Use the Arrhenius equation again, with the given activation energy, A, and the new temperature (30°C = 303.15 K) to solve for k:
ln(k) = ln(A) - (Ea/R) × (1/T)
ln(k) = ln(2.05×10¹³) - (81570 / 8.314) × (1/303.15)
ln(k) = 31.87
k = e^(31.87) = 1.10 × 10¹³ s⁻¹
Therefore, the value of k at 30°C is approximately 1.10 × 10¹³ s⁻¹.
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45g of COz gas has a pressure of 1.24 ATM in a container at 43°C. What is the volume of the gas?
The volume of the CO2 gas is approximately 21.0 L.
To solve this problemWe can use the ideal gas law equation
\(PV = nRT\)
where
P is the pressureV is the volumen is the amount of gas (in moles)R is the gas constantT is the temperature (in Kelvin)We need to convert the temperature from Celsius to Kelvin:
T = 273 + 43 = 316 K
Next, we can calculate the amount of gas (n) using the mass of CO2 and its molar mass:
n = m/M
where m is the mass of the gas and M is the molar mass of CO2.
Molar mass of CO2 = 12.01 + 2(16.00) = 44.01 g/mol
n = 45 g / 44.01 g/mol = 1.022 mol
Now we can rearrange the ideal gas law to solve for the volume:
V = nRT/P
V = (1.022 mol)(0.0821 L·atm/mol·K)(316 K)/(1.24 atm)
V = 21.0 L
Therefore, the volume of the CO2 gas is approximately 21.0 L.
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This volcano is surrounded by water. When the lava hardens, what landform will you see.
Choose the answer that describes the hierarchy among these three body regions.
A. The oral region is part of the facial region, and the facial region is part of the cephalic region.
B. The cephalic region is part of the facial region, and the facial region is part of the oral region.
C. The cephalic region is part of the facial region, and the facial region is part of the manual region.
D. The oral region is part of the cephalic region, and the cephalic region is part of the facial region.
Answer:
letter: B
Explanation:
thats is the true answer.
pleas heart my heart my answer
Club soda is an aqueous solution of carbon dioxide. A sample of club soda is titrated with 0.04202M NaOH(aq) according to the reaction equation below:
CO2(aq)+2NaOH(aq)→Na2CO3(aq)
If it takes 32.14 mL of 0.04202M NaOH(aq) to react with a 25.00 mL sample of club soda, what is the concentration of CO2 in club soda (in g/L )?
The concentration of CO2 in club soda is approximately 1.1964 g/L.
To find the concentration of CO2 in club soda, we need to use the stoichiometry of the reaction and the volume and concentration of the NaOH solution used.
The balanced equation for the reaction is:
CO2(aq) + 2NaOH(aq) → Na2CO3(aq)
From the stoichiometry of the equation, we can see that 1 mole of CO2 reacts with 2 moles of NaOH. Therefore, the moles of CO2 can be calculated using the volume and concentration of NaOH solution used.
Given that 32.14 mL of 0.04202 M NaOH solution was used, we can calculate the moles of NaOH:
moles of NaOH = volume (L) × concentration (M)
moles of NaOH = 32.14 mL × 0.04202 mol/L
moles of NaOH = 0.001351 mol
According to the stoichiometry of the equation, 1 mole of CO2 reacts with 2 moles of NaOH. Therefore, the moles of CO2 can be calculated as:
moles of CO2 = (moles of NaOH) / 2
moles of CO2 = 0.001351 mol / 2
moles of CO2 = 0.0006755 mol
Now, we need to convert the moles of CO2 to grams. The molar mass of CO2 is approximately 44.01 g/mol.
mass of CO2 = moles of CO2 × molar mass of CO2
mass of CO2 = 0.0006755 mol × 44.01 g/mol
mass of CO2 = 0.02979 g
Finally, we need to express the concentration of CO2 in club soda in g/L. We are given that the sample of club soda used is 25.00 mL.
concentration of CO2 = (mass of CO2) / (volume of club soda in L)
concentration of CO2 = 0.02979 g / (25.00 mL × 0.001 L/mL)
concentration of CO2 = 1.1964 g/L
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Illustrate an atom and a Molecules?
Answer:
Atom is the smallest particle of pure sustance which can take part in a chemical reaction.A chrged atom is called an ion.
A molecule of an element or compound is the smallest particle of it that is stable and capable of independent existence. The molecules of element and compound are different.
If the atomic number of an element is 6 and its mass number is 14, how many neutrons are contained in the nucleus?
Answer:
8
Explanation:
because 14 - 6 is 8
The reaction of 15 moles carbon with 30 moles O2 will
result in a theoretical yield of moles CO2.
Answer:
The amount of Co2 generated is 15 moles
Explanation:
It bears the same ratio with Carbon meaning oxygen was used in excess
A 5.0 g sample of metal was heated from 10°C to 40. °C. It absorbed 43.7 J of energy as heat. What is the specific heat of this piece of metal?
Answer:
Balls
Explanation:
Cuz
True or false. An ion is an electrically neutral atom that has the same number of protons and neutrons
Answer:
False
Explanation:
Atoms are neutral Ions carry a charge. Take a look at the groups in the periodic table for extra help in understanding this.
The procedure calls for 2.00 mL of the liquid reactant, 2,4-pentanedione, to be used in the reaction. It has a density of 0.975 g/mL. How many grams of this reactant will be used in the reaction
It will be used 1.95 grams of the reactant in the reaction.
DensityTo calculate the density of a given substance, use the following expression:
\(d = \frac{m}{v}\)
Thus, having the values of volume and density, just apply the formula above to find the value of mass, so that:
\(0.975 = \frac{m}{2}\)
\(m= 1.95 grams\)
So, it will be used 1.95 grams of the reactant in the reaction.
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what does the roman numeral stand for in copper(1) oxide should it not be copper(II) oxide
Answer:
The roman numeral in copper(I) oxide indicates that the oxidation number of copper in the compound is 1.
Explanation:
Roman numeral is used to indicate the oxidation number of an element in a compound.
The roman numeral in copper(I) oxide indicates that the oxidation number of copper in the compound is 1.
This can be seen from the following illustration:
copper(I) oxide => Cu₂O
Oxidation number of O = –2
Oxidation number of Cu₂O = 0
Oxidation number of Cu =?
Cu₂O = 0
2Cu + O = 0
2Cu – 2 = 0
Collect like terms
2Cu = 0 + 2
2Cu = 2
Divide both side by 2
Cu = 2/2
Cu = 1
Thus, we can see that the oxidation number of Cu in Cu₂O is 1. Hence the name of Cu₂O is copper(I) oxide indicating that the oxidation number of of copper (Cu) in the compound is 1.
For copper(II) oxide, we shall determine the oxidation number of Cu. This can be obtained as follow:
copper(II) oxide, CuO => CuO
Oxidation number of O = –2
Oxidation number of CuO = 0
Oxidation number of Cu =?
CuO = 0
Cu + O = 0
Cu – 2 = 0
Collect like terms
Cu = 0 + 2
Cu = 2
Thus, the oxidation number of Cu in CuO is 2. Hence the name of CuO is copper(II) oxide indicating that the oxidation number of of copper (Cu) in the compound is 2.
From the above illustrations,
We can see that the roman numeral in both copper(I) oxide, Cu₂O and copper(II) oxide, CuO are different because the oxidation number of Cu in both cases are different.
Which statement describes a change that occurs during a chemical reaction?
OA. The atoms in a substance start to move faster until they are no longer touching each other.
OB.
Atoms in the original substances are arranged in a different way to make new substances
OC!
The atoms in a substance change their properties so they can become a new substance.
OD.
Atoms in the original substances are changed into different atoms to make new substances,
Answer - B Atoms in the original substances are arranged in a different way to make new substances
Baseballs pitched by a machine have a horizontal velocity of 30 meters/second. The machine accelerates the baseball from 0 meters/second to 30 meters/second in 0.5 seconds. If a baseball has a mass of 0.15 kilograms, the force the machine exerts is newtons. Use F = ma, where a = v − u t .
The machine exerts a force of 9 newtons on the baseball to accelerate it from 0 m/s to 30 m/s in 0.5 seconds.
To calculate the force exerted by the machine on the baseball, we can use Newton's second law of motion, which states that force (F) is equal to the product of mass (m) and acceleration (a).
In this case, the acceleration can be determined using the formula a = (v - u) / t, where v is the final velocity, u is the initial velocity, and t is the time taken for the acceleration.
Given:
Mass of the baseball (m) = 0.15 kg
Initial velocity (u) = 0 m/s (as the baseball starts from rest)
Final velocity (v) = 30 m/s
Time (t) = 0.5 s
First, let's calculate the acceleration:
a = (v - u) / t
a = (30 m/s - 0 m/s) / 0.5 s
a = 60 m/s^2
Now, we can use the calculated acceleration and the given mass to determine the force:
F = m * a
F = 0.15 kg * 60 m/s^2
F = 9 N
The machine exerts a force of 9 newtons on the baseball. This force is calculated using Newton's second law of motion, which states that force is equal to mass multiplied by acceleration.
By determining the acceleration of the baseball using the formula a = (v - u) / t and substituting the given values, we find that the acceleration is 60 m/s^2. Multiplying the mass of the baseball (0.15 kg) by the acceleration gives the force exerted by the machine as 9 newtons.
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Is A fireplace poker glows red when you heat it in the fire a Chemical or
Physical change?
A fireplace poker glowing red when you heat it in the fire is referred to as a physical change.
What is Physical change?This change is a reversible one in the physical properties of a substance such as the size, color etc. Physical change doesn't alter or change the chemical composition of a substance and no new products are formed in this process.
A fireplace poker glowing red when you heat it in the fire doesn't change the composition and is reversible when allowed to cool down which is why physical change was chosen as the most appropriate choice.
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1.-Una solución de 1600 ml contiene 9,5 gramos de agua oxigenada H2O2 Calcular el porcentaje peso volumen del soluto.
A student uses a variety of techniques to separate four different compounds from 2.10 g of a mixture. After separation of the
mixture, the student weighs each compound and finds 0.443 g of naphthalene, 0.295 g NaCI, 0.344 g of sand, and 0.688 g
of iron.
Answer:
\(5y.352.\)
hankkkakk
What did Dalton compare atoms to?
A. Wood
B. Jacks
C. Marbles
D. Leaves
Explanation:
the answer is C marbles hope you find it helpful
A straight chain hydrocarbon with the formula C5H8_____
Answer:
I has 2 double carbon carbon bonds
An undergraduate student does an acid base titration in chemistry class what mass of sodium chloride can form when she dissolves 50.00 grams of sodium hydroxide in water and then adds excess hydrochloric acid?
In the acid-base titration of 50.00 g of NaOH with excess hydrochloric acid, 73.05 g of NaCl are formed.
What is titration?Titration is a process of chemical analysis in which the quantity of some constituent of a sample is determined by adding to the measured sample an exactly known quantity of another substance with which the desired constituent reacts in a definite, known proportion.
Step 1: Write the balanced equation.NaOH + HCl ⇒ NaCl + H₂O
Step 2: Calculate the mass of NaCl formed upon the reaction of 50.00 g of NaOH.According to the balanced equation, the mass ratio of NaOH to NaCl is 40.00:58.44.
50.00 g NaOH × 58.44 g NaCl/40.00 g NaOH = 73.05 g NaCl
In the acid-base titration of 50.00 g of NaOH with excess hydrochloric acid, 73.05 g of NaCl are formed.
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What is the density, in g/L, of an ideal gas (MM = 145.63 g/mol) when it is at 1.48 atm and 94.06 °C?
The density, in g/L, of an ideal gas when it is at 1.48 atm and 94.06 °C is 6.67g/L.
How to calculate density?The density of an ideal gas can be calculated by dividing the mass of the substance by its volume in litres.
According to this question, the pressure and temperature of the ideal gas is given. The number of moles occupied by the gas can be calculated as follows;
PV = nRT
1.48 × 22.4 = n × 0.0821 × 367.06
33.152 = 30.14n
n = 1.1 moles
mass of gas = 1.1 mol × 145.63g/mol = 160.18g
Density = 160.18g ÷ 22.4L = 6.67g/L
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6. How many moles are in 8.30 x 1023 molecules of CO₂?
a.
b.
C.
d.
1.37
2.8
55.5
100
How human health is expected to be affected by climate change?
“IN YOUR OWN WORDS”
How many atoms are in 12 g of Carbon-12 (12C)?
There are approximately 6.022 × 10^23 atoms in 12 grams of Carbon-12 (12C).
The number of atoms in a given amount of a substance can be calculated using Avogadro's number, which represents the number of atoms or molecules in one mole of a substance. Avogadro's number is approximately 6.022 × 10^23.
Carbon-12 is a specific isotope of carbon, with an atomic mass of 12 atomic mass units (amu). One mole of Carbon-12 has a mass of 12 grams. Since one mole of any substance contains Avogadro's number of particles, in the case of Carbon-12, it contains 6.022 × 10^23 atoms.
Therefore, if we have 12 grams of Carbon-12, which is equal to one mole, we can conclude that there are approximately 6.022 × 10^23 atoms in this amount of Carbon-12.
In summary, 12 grams of Carbon-12 contains approximately 6.022 × 10^23 atoms. Avogadro's number allows us to relate the mass of a substance to the number of atoms or molecules it contains, providing a fundamental concept in chemistry and enabling us to quantify and understand the microscopic world of atoms and molecules.
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A scientific law is different from a scientific theory because it describes something in nature without attempting to explain it.
Yes, that statement is generally correct. A scientific law is a statement that describes a phenomenon or pattern in nature, often expressed mathematically, without attempting to explain why it occurs. A scientific theory, on the other hand, is a well-substantiated explanation for a set of phenomena, based on empirical evidence and scientific reasoning.
A scientific law summarizes what happens in a particular situation, often in the form of an equation or formula, whereas a scientific theory attempts to explain why it happens.
For example, the law of gravity describes the attraction between masses, but it does not explain why this attraction occurs. In contrast, the theory of general relativity attempts to explain the underlying principles of gravity, including its effects on the curvature of space-time.
It's worth noting that both scientific laws and scientific theories are based on empirical evidence, but they serve different purposes in scientific inquiry. Laws describe what happens in a particular situation, while theories attempt to explain why it happens.
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waves crash on a beach one after another. Why doesn't water pile up on the beach
sand
Explanation:
it is absorbing it
Answer:
Sand absorbers the water
Explanation:
On other days, however, when winds blow surface water toward land, the water can't just pile up on the beach, so water near the bottom has to compensate, moving offshore. ... One measures the speed and direction of flowing water by reflecting sound off particles carried by the currents.
Which of the following is NOT true of zinc?
-Excess zinc can decrease copper absorption.
-Grains are the most reliable food sources of zinc.
-All of its functions involve it acting as a cofactor for enzymes.
-It binds to most proteins in the body.
while zinc is an important mineral with numerous functions in the body, it is not true that grains are the most reliable food source of zinc. A balanced diet that includes a variety of foods can provide adequate zinc intake for most people.
How to solve the problem?
The statement that is NOT true of zinc is "Grains are the most reliable food sources of zinc." While grains can be a source of zinc, they are not necessarily the most reliable source.
Zinc is an essential mineral that plays important roles in many biological processes, including immune function, protein synthesis, wound healing, and DNA synthesis. It is involved in various enzymatic reactions, and acts as a cofactor for many enzymes. Zinc is also important for proper growth and development, especially during childhood and adolescence.
Excess zinc intake can lead to decreased copper absorption, as both minerals compete for absorption in the intestines. This can lead to copper deficiency, which can cause anemia neutropenia, and other health problems. Therefore, it is important to maintain a balance between zinc and copper intake.
While grains can be a source of zinc, other foods such as meat, seafood, and dairy products are also good sources. Vegetarians and vegans may need to pay particular attention to their zinc intake, as plant-based sources of zinc may be less bioavailable than -based sources. Zinc supplements can also be used to prevent or treat deficiencies, but should be used with caution as excessive intake can have negative health effects.
In summary, while zinc is an important mineral with numerous functions in the body, it is not true that grains are the most reliable food source of zinc. A balanced diet that includes a variety of foods can provide adequate zinc intake for most people.
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A 3.69 g
sample of a compound consisting of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur was combusted in excess oxygen. This produced 2.08 g
CO2
and 1.28 g
H2O
. A second sample of this compound with a mass of 4.65 g
produced 4.77 g
SO3
. A third sample of this compound with a mass of 8.62 g
produced 3.48 g
HNO3
. Determine the empirical formula of the compound. Enter the correct subscripts on the given chemical formula.
The empirical formula of the compound is C₂H₁₆S₂N₃O.
What is the empirical formula of the compound?The moles of each element is as follows::
For CO₂:
Carbon (C) has a molar mass of 12.01 g/mol.
Oxygen (O) has a molar mass of 16.00 g/mol.
Moles of C in CO₂ = 2.08 g / 12.01 g/mol = 0.173 moles
Moles of O in CO₂ = 2.08 g / 16.00 g/mol = 0.130 moles
For H₂O:
Hydrogen (H) has a molar mass of 1.01 g/mol.
Oxygen (O) has a molar mass of 16.00 g/mol.
Moles of H in H₂O = 1.28 g / 1.01 g/mol = 1.27 moles
Moles of O in H₂O = 1.28 g / 16.00 g/mol = 0.080 moles
For SO₃:
Sulfur (S) has a molar mass of 32.06 g/mol.
Oxygen (O) has a molar mass of 16.00 g/mol.
Moles of S in SO₃ = 4.77 g / 32.06 g/mol = 0.149 moles
Moles of O in SO₃ = 4.77 g / 16.00 g/mol = 0.298 moles
For HNO₃:
Hydrogen (H) has a molar mass of 1.01 g/mol.
Nitrogen (N) has a molar mass of 14.01 g/mol.
Oxygen (O) has a molar mass of 16.00 g/mol.
Moles of H in HNO₃ = 3.48 g / 1.01 g/mol = 3.45 moles
Moles of N in HNO₃ = 3.48 g / 14.01 g/mol = 0.248 moles
Moles of O in HNO₃ = 3.48 g / 16.00 g/mol = 0.217 moles
The simplest whole-number ratio of the elements will be:
Carbon: 0.173 moles / 0.080 moles ≈ 2.16
Hydrogen: 1.27 moles / 0.080 moles ≈ 15.88
Sulfur: 0.149 moles / 0.080 moles ≈ 1.86
Nitrogen: 0.248 moles / 0.080 moles ≈ 3.10
Oxygen: 0.080 moles / 0.080 moles = 1
Therefore, the empirical formula is C₂H₁₆S₂N₃O.
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Which group of elements is considered the most reactive non-metals?
A. Alkalis
B. Alkaline Earth
C. Halogens
D. Noble Gases
Please I need help
Thank you so much if you can help me
Which group of elements is considered the most reactive non-metals?
Answer:D. Noble Gases
The noble gasses are a special group because of their lack of reactivity, the element fluorine is the most reactive nonmetal. It is not found in nature as a free element.#CARRYONLEARNING #STUDYWELLThe halogens will be considered the most reactive non-metals.
What is halogens?The halogens are just a group of 4 - 6 individual elements in a particular periodic table.
What is non-metals?A nonmetal is just a chemical element which lacks the majority of properties associated, ranging from colorless gases to gleaming, high-melting-temperature of the solids.
Each outer shell includes seven electrons, hence group 7 metals would have to gain 1 extra electron to achieve a full outer shell of electrons. When we proceed up the group, this allows us to draw one electron, making it much more reactive.
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The illustration on the left represents a mixture of Xe(brown) atoms and F2(green) molecules. If these were to react to form XeF4 molecules, what is the maximum number of XeF4 molecules that could form?
Chemistry => Stoichiometry => Limiting reactant
The maximum number of molecules that can be formed will depend on the limiting reactant. The limiting reactant corresponds to the reactant that produces the least amount of product, or in other words, the one that is completely consumed in the reaction.
To find the limiting reactant we are going to divide the moles of each reactant by the stoichiometric coefficients of the balanced equation, the reactant with the lowest ratio will be the limiting reactant.
The balanced equation for this reaction will be:
\(Xe+2F_2\rightarrow XeF_4\)We have, according to the image the following number of molecules:
Xe=2molecules
F2=4molecules
The limiting reactant will be:
\(\begin{gathered} Xe\rightarrow\frac{2}{1}=2 \\ \\ F_2\rightarrow\frac{4}{2}=2 \end{gathered}\)Both reactants are limiting reactants. We can take any reactant and we will have the same number of molecules of XeF4 formed. The ratio Xe to XeF4 is 1/1, so the molecules of XeF4 that can be formed will be:
\(molXeF_4=2molXe\times\frac{1molXeF_4}{1molXe}=2molXeF_4\)Answer: 2 XeF4 molecules
Some students have said that a buffer is like a proton (H ) sponge. Evaluate this statement and explain both how a buffer is like a sponge and how it is not like a sponge. For your explanation, include chemical equations, data, and create and explain molecular-level drawings. (Question is taken from Orgill and Sutherland, 2008.) (Saloni)
Answer:
i) Buffer absorbs H^+ and OH^- ions preventing large changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base is added but when large amounts of acid or base is added there will be a change in pH
ii) absorption of liquid is related to a chemical reaction for a buffer system but it is not related a chemical reaction for a proton( H ) sponge.
Explanation:
i) Buffer like a proton ( H ) sponge
Buffer absorbs H^+ and OH^- ions preventing large changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base is added but when large amounts of acid or base is added there will be a change in pH
The pH of a Buffer follows the Henderson-Hasselbach model
pH = pKa + Log ([A-]/[HA])
when base is added
HA + OH^- -------> A- + H2O
when acid is added
A^- + H^+ ---------> HA
ii) Buffer not like a proton ( H ) sponge
absorption of liquid is related to a chemical reaction for a buffer system but it is not related a chemical reaction for a proton( H ) sponge.