explain why the lattice energy of mgs is approximately 4 times as large as that of nacl.

The temperature of the bromine reaction mixture during reflux, it typically depends on the boiling point of the solvent being used.

For example, if the solvent is chloroform, the reflux temperature would be around 61-62°C. If the solvent is carbon tetrachloride, the reflux temperature would be around 76-77°C.

As for the condenser, a water condenser is typically used during reflux to prevent the loss of solvent and/or reagents due to evaporation. Air condensation is not likely to be sufficient, especially for reactions that require longer reflux times.

Regarding the bromination of alkenes, the substituents do remain on opposite sides of the molecule after the reaction, resulting in a trans product. The absolute configurations of the carbons depend on the starting configuration of the alkene. For example, if the starting alkene is (Z)-2-butene, the product of bromination would be (2R,3S)-2,3-dibromobutane, as shown in the following diagram:

   H     Br

   |     |

H -- C=C -- C -- H

   |     |

   Br    H

Note that the stereochemistry of the product is determined by the anti-addition mechanism of bromination, which results in the formation of a meso compound with two chiral centers.

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The Value of x in the hydrate is D. 10.

To find the value of x in the hydrate \(Na_{2}SO_{4}\) * x \(H_{2}O\) , we need to determine the amount of water lost during heating and relate it to the moles of anhydrous \(Na_{2}SO_{4}\) .

First, let's calculate the mass of water lost:

Mass of water = Mass of hydrate - Mass of anhydrous \(Na_{2}SO_{4}\)

Mass of water = 3.22 g - 1.42 g = 1.80 g

Next, we'll convert the mass of anhydrous and water to moles using their respective molar masses ( \(Na_{2}SO_{4}\)= 142 g/mol, \(H_{2}O\) = 18 g/mol):

Moles of \(Na_{2}SO_{4}\)= 1.42 g / 142 g/mol ≈ 0.0100 mol

Moles of  \(H_{2}O\)= 1.80 g / 18 g/mol = 0.1 mol

Now, we'll find the ratio of moles of water to moles of \(Na_{2}SO_{4}\):

x = Moles of \(H_{2}O\) / Moles of \(Na_{2}SO_{4}\)

x ≈ 0.1 mol / 0.0100 mol = 10

The value of x in the hydrate \(Na_{2}SO_{4}\) * x \(H_{2}O\) is approximately 10. Therefore, the correct answer is D. 10.

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Answer:

B: Magma

Explanation:

technically magma is the name for the hot molten rock (mixed with gases and mineral crystals) that collects in chambers beneath the Earth's crust.

The crust has been the upper layer of the earth's geosphere. It has been characterized by the presence of melted rocks and minerals that are called magma. Thus, option A is correct.

Magma has been defined as the hot semi-liquid president beneath the earth's surface in the crust layer. It has a very high temperature and is known to have many metals and minerals dissolved in it. The magma comprises metals minerals, dissolved gases, etc.

When the magma from the magma chambers flows outwards on the earth's surface then it is called lava. This lava on cooling produces igneous rocks. This event of magma explosion and lava formation along with other gases from a mountainous surface is called volcanic eruption.

Therefore, option A. melted rock and minerals in Earth's crust is called magma.

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Answer:

The main function sis the 2nd one and the substance provides the first 1.

Explanation:

Hope you finish the rest on your own, have fun!

1.Nuclear charge decreases as the atomic number increases.Immersive Reader

Answer - True

2.In alkali metals, the atomic radius of potassium is greater than

Answer - Lithium

3.While moving across the periodic table from left to right there is an increase in atomic radius.

Answer - False

4.When moving from gold to lead, the atomic radius increases.

Answer - True

5.The picometer is the unit used to measure atomic radii.

Answer - True

6.Which of the following is larger in atomic size?

Answer - Boron

7.Chlorine has a larger atomic radius than fluorine.

Answer - True

8.Atomic size increases across a period.

Answer - False

9.The atomic radius of a nitrogen atom is 70 pm. What is the distance between the nuclei of two bonded nitrogen atoms in a N2 molecule

Answer - 140 pm

10.Arrange the following atoms in order of decreasing atomic radius:

Ga, As, Sn, Sb, Te

Answer - a. Sn, Sb, Te, Ga, As

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Taking into account the definition of molarity, the molarity of a solution that contains 0.75 moles of solute in 0.250 L of solution is 3 moles/L.

Molarity is a measure of the concentration of a solution expressed in the number of moles dissolved per liter of solution.

In other words, molarity indicates the number of moles of solute that are dissolved in a given volume.

The molarity of a solution is calculated by dividing the moles of solute by the volume of the solution:

molarity= number of moles of solute÷ volume of solution

Molarity is expressed in units moles/L.

In this case, you have:

Replacing in the definition of molarity:

molarity= 0.75 moles÷ 0.250 L

Solving:

molarity= 3 moles/L

Finally, the molarity is 3 moles/L.

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The fugacity in atm for pure ethane at 310 K and 20.4 atm is given by the equation: f = 20.4 exp (-Δg1/RT). The change in chemical potential between this state and a second state of ethane where the temperature is constant but the pressure is 24 atm is -0.0911RT.

Fugacity is a measure of the escaping tendency of a component in a mixture, which is defined as the pressure that the component would have if it obeyed ideal gas laws. It is used as a correction factor in the calculation of equilibrium constants and thermodynamic properties such as chemical potential. Here we need to determine the fugacity in atm for pure ethane at 310 K and 20.4 atm and the change in the chemical potential between this state and a second state of ethane where the temperature is constant but the pressure is 24 atm. So, using the formula of fugacity: f = P.exp(Δu/RT) Where P is the pressure of the system, R is the gas constant, T is the temperature of the system, Δu is the change in chemical potential of the system.  Δu = RT ln (f / P)The chemical potential at the initial state can be calculated using the ideal gas equation as: PV = nRT    

=>  P

= nRT/V

=> 20.4 atm

= nRT/V

=> n/V

= 20.4/RT The chemical potential of the system at the initial state is:

Δu1 = RT ln (f/P)

= RT ln (f/20.4) Also, we know that for a pure substance,

Δu = Δg. So,

Δg1 = Δu1 The change in pressure is 24 atm – 20.4 atm

= 3.6 atm At the second state, the pressure is 24 atm.

Using the ideal gas equation, n/V = 24/RT The chemical potential of the system at the second state is: Δu2 = RT ln (f/24) = RT ln (f/24) The change in chemical potential is Δu2 – Δu1 The change in chemical potential is

Δu2 – Δu1 = RT ln (f/24) – RT ln (f/20.4)

= RT ln [(f/24)/(f/20.4)]

= RT ln (20.4/24)

= - 0.0911 RT Therefore, the fugacity in atm for pure ethane at 310 K and 20.4 atm is:

f = P.exp(Δu/RT)

=> f

= 20.4 exp (-Δu1/RT)

=> f

= 20.4 exp (-Δg1/RT) And, the change in the chemical potential between this state and a second state of ethane where the temperature is constant but pressure is 24 atm is -0.0911RT. Therefore, the fugacity in atm for pure ethane at 310 K and 20.4 atm is given by the equation: f = 20.4 exp (-Δg1/RT). The change in chemical potential between this state and a second state of ethane where the temperature is constant but the pressure is 24 atm is -0.0911RT.

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Answer: The second reaction took place at a higher temperature

Explanation:

Rate is affected by temperature, as higher temperatures cause the reacting molecules to have more energy.

Collision theory states that in order for a reaction to occur, each reacting molecule must collide with one another in the correct orientation and with enough energy, called the activation energy.

A higher energy caused by a higher temperature will cause the molecules to collide much more frequently, leading to a higher chance of a successful collision, and with more energy to satisfy the activation energy.

Therefore, the second reaction must have taken place at a higher temperature, since the molecules had more energy than the first reaction leading to a higher rate of reaction, and a higher rate constant.

The molar heat of neutralization for the reaction is 55 kJ/mol. The answer is (a).

The molar heat of neutralization, ΔH, for the reaction can be calculated using the following formula: ΔH = q/n where q is the heat released, and n is the number of moles of HCl.
First, we need to calculate the number of moles of HCl:
n = m/M
where m is the mass of HCl and M is the molar mass of HCl.
M(HCl) = 1.008 + 35.45 = 36.458 g/mol
n = 5.5 g / 36.458 g/mol = 0.151 mol
Now we can calculate the molar heat of neutralization:
ΔH = 8300 J / 0.151 mol = 55,000 J/mol
Therefore, the molar heat of neutralization for the reaction is 55 kJ/mol. The answer is (a).

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Answer:

angular momentum

Explanation:

Answer:

29565 feet

Explanation:

multiply 5.6 by 5280

In a periodic table, the different columns are called "groups" or "families."

The groups are numbered from 1 to 18, and they are arranged in vertical columns from left to right. Each group contains elements with similar chemical properties and the same number of valence electrons.

The elements within a group exhibit similar trends in terms of their reactivity, electronegativity, and other properties.

Some groups have specific names or designations. For example, Group 1 is known as the "alkali metals," Group 2 as the "alkaline earth metals," Group 17 as the "halogens," and Group 18 as the "noble gases." These names reflect the characteristic properties of the elements within those groups.

The periodic table also has horizontal rows called "periods," which represent the number of electron shells or energy levels occupied by the elements' electrons. Each period is labeled with a number from 1 to 7.

Overall, the periodic table is a systematic arrangement of elements that allows scientists to organize and understand the properties and relationships of different elements based on their atomic structure and chemical behavior.

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The four sources of energy are : solar energy, coal energy, nuclear energy, hydroelectric energy

disadvantage and advantage of each source are:

Solar energy:

Coal energy:

Nuclear energy:

Hydroelectric energy:

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Answer:

Carbon dioxide molecule

Answer:a , d ,e

Explanation:

jusy took quiz

The value of Kp for the given reaction N2O4(g) ⇌ 2NO2(g) is 1.47x10^-3 atm. To calculate Kp for the reaction N2O4(g) ⇌ 2NO2(g) using the given Kc value, we need to consider the relationship between Kp and Kc.

Kp is the equilibrium constant expressed in terms of partial pressures, while Kc is the equilibrium constant expressed in terms of concentrations. The relationship between them is Kp = Kc(RT)^Δn, where R is the gas constant, T is the temperature in Kelvin, and Δn represents the difference in the number of moles of gaseous products and reactants.

For the reaction N2O4(g) ⇌ 2NO2(g), the stoichiometric coefficients indicate that the change in the number of moles of gas is Δn = (2 - 1) = 1. Given the value of Kc as 5.9x10^-3, we can now calculate Kp. The value of R is 0.0821 L·atm/(mol·K), and let's assume the temperature is 298 K. Plugging in these values into the equation, we have Kp = (5.9x10^-3)(0.0821 L·atm/(mol·K))(298 K)^1 = 1.47x10^-3 atm.

Therefore, the value of Kp for the given reaction N2O4(g) ⇌ 2NO2(g) is 1.47x10^-3 atm.

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Answer:

I would say ether the first one or the third one because on those questions you always want to choose the one that gives the most information or sound more believe

Hope this helped

Yes, it is a sound approach because a vacuum system is an isolated system.  

An isolated system is one in which neither energy nor mass can be exchanged with the surrounding.

In a vacuum, mass and energy may not be exchanged with the surroundings. In other words, a vacuum is a good system for measuring the total energy of a reaction.

Thus, it will be possible for the scientist to measure the energy of the reaction and determine whether is endothermic or exothermic.

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We can begin by completing the appropriate algebraic operations to isolate x on one side of the equation before trying to identify it.

20 = 80(.5)^8.32/x

Put 80 on both sides:

20/80 = (.5)^8.32/x

Make the left side simpler:

1/4 = (.5)^8.32/x

Take both sides' reciprocal:

4 = x/(.5)^8.32

Make the right side simpler:

4 = x/0.0027067

Divide the two sides by 0.0027067:

x = 0.0027067 * 4

x = 0.0108268

Hence, x is almost equal to 0.0108268.

Your response is in scientific notation since 5.94 is at least 1 but less than 10. (3.4 10 3) + (5.6 10 4) = 5.94 10 4 is the solution.

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Answer:

In terms of heat transfer,radiation is the emission of thermal energy in the form of infrared waves,

Answer:  Average atomic mass of an element is the summation of the masses of its isotopes, each multiplied by its natural abundance.

Average atomic mass = A₁M₁ + A₂M₂ +… + AnMn

Average atomic mass of element X is 13.9790 amu.

Explanation:

Average atomic mass = A₁M₁ + A₂M₂ +… + AnMn)

where, A is % abundance and M is atomic mass of element

To find : average atomic mass of element X

Let's take abundance of each isotopes as;

Abundance of X-14 = 99.636% = 0.99636

Abundance of X-15 = 0.364% = 0.00364

As per given data, atomic mass of the element X-14 is 14.003 and

X-15 15.000 amu.

As per given formula: we get,

Avg. atomic mass = (14.003)*(0.99636) + (15.000)*(0.00364)

Calculating this expression gives us:

So, Avg. atomic mass = 13.92445 + 0.0546 = 13.97905 amu

Answer:

D

Explanation:

The temperature increases

Answer:

???what metal????????????

The total mass of molybdenum that may be formed by the passage of 40.4 amps for 2.162 hours through an electrolytic cell that contains an aqueous Mo(III) salt is 12.19 grams.

Electrolysis is the process of breaking down an electrolyte into its constituents using direct electrical current. Electrolysis is a type of redox reaction in which oxidation and reduction occur simultaneously at separate electrodes. Electrolysis is used for various purposes, including the manufacture of non-ferrous metals (such as aluminium, magnesium, and titanium), the refining of metals, and the production of hydrogen and oxygen. An electrolytic cell is an electrochemical cell that is used to conduct an electrolysis reaction.

Electrolysis is used in this process to break down the substance to its individual components. The electrolytic cell's components include two electrodes, the anode and the cathode, that are submerged in an electrolytic solution. The solution includes dissolved ions of the compound that is being separated.

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Answer:

Potassium bromide

Explanation:

An ATP (adenosine triphosphate) molecule is made up of three main components:

1. Adenosine: a nitrogenous base that is composed of adenine, a nitrogen-containing base, and ribose, a five-carbon sugar.

2. Three phosphate groups: These are molecules that consist of a phosphate ion (PO4) and an organic molecule. In ATP, the three phosphate groups are connected to the ribose sugar in a linear fashion, forming a "triphosphate" molecule.

3. A high-energy bond: The high-energy bond is located between the second and third phosphate groups. This bond is formed by the transfer of a phosphate group from the third to the second position, releasing energy that can be used by cells for various metabolic processes.

Together, these three components make up the structure of an ATP molecule, which is considered the "energy currency" of cells.

It acts as a carrier of energy derived from the breakdown of food molecules, like glucose, to the energy-requiring reactions in the cell.

It's worth noting that, The structure and properties of ATP are essential for its function as a primary energy carrier in all living organisms.

The standard cell potential gives the following standard potentials: fe+3 +e---> fe+2 ag+ +e----> ag is 0.03V.

To calculate the standard cell potential, we use the formula: E(cell) = E(cathode) - E(anode). Given the standard potentials:

fe+3 + e- --> fe+2 : E(cathode) = 0.77V (reduction potential for Fe+3)
ag+ + e- --> ag : E(anode) = 0.80V (oxidation potential for Ag+)

Substituting these values into the formula, we have:
E(cell) = 0.80V - 0.77V = 0.03V

So, the standard cell potential is 0.03V.

Conclusion: The standard cell potential of the given reaction is 0.03V.

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In alpha decay both the atomic number and mass number of the atom changes. Whereas, for beta decay only atomic number changes. The horizontal change is representing the change in atomic number and vertical change is for mass number.

Radioactive decay is the process of nuclear decay of an unstable radioactive atom by the emission of charged particles such as alpha, beta or gamma to form a stable isotope.

The nuclear decay by the emission alpha particle is called alpha decay in which the mass number decreases by 4 units and atomic number changes by 2 units. Hence the graph of alpha decay shows both vertical and horizontal change.

In beta decay beta particles are emitted where, no change occurs in mass number but atomic number increases by one. Hence, the graph will only shows the horizontal change.

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Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space.

An example of matter is oxygen gas. It is a gas that has a definite volume and can be measured in terms of its mass. Other examples of matter include solids like rocks and metals, liquids like water and oil, and gases like helium and nitrogen. An example of matter is oxygen gas. Matter refers to any substance that has mass and occupies space, and oxygen gas fits this description. In contrast, light and heat are forms of energy, not matter, so they are not suitable examples. In this multiple-choice question, the correct answer would be oxygen gas, as it is a tangible substance with mass and volume, distinguishing it from the other options presented.

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