Hello, please help me to answer this Microbiology question.
Introduction - Introduction of microorganisms in ecology,
medicine and industry.
Answers
Microorganisms' diverse contributions to ecology, medicine, and industry have far-reaching benefits for sustainability, human well-being, and environmental protection.
Microorganisms play crucial roles in ecology, medicine, and industry, impacting various aspects of human life and the environment. In ecology, microorganisms are involved in nutrient cycling, decomposition, and symbiotic relationships. They break down organic matter, recycle nutrients, and contribute to the overall balance of ecosystems.
In medicine, microorganisms are used for the production of vaccines, antibiotics, and other pharmaceuticals. They are essential in genetic engineering and the development of biotechnology products. Microorganisms also inhabit the human body, where they form the microbiota, aiding in digestion, immune system function, and overall health.
In industry, microorganisms are used in bioremediation to clean up pollutants and degrade toxic substances. They are employed in wastewater treatment plants to break down organic matter.
Additionally, microorganisms are utilized in the production of various products such as food and beverages (e.g., cheese, yogurt, beer), enzymes, biofuels, and bioplastics.
Understanding and harnessing the potential of microorganisms in these fields have significant implications for sustainable development, human health, and environmental conservation.
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Related Questions
Which level of organization of life does this photo best represent?
A. An ecosystem
B. A community
C. A population
D. An organism
Answers
Answer:
B - a comunity.
Explanation:
The photo attached is closest to representing a comunity of turtles.
Answer:
c
Explanation:
Help please please thanks
Answers
They are genotypes (represents genes)
There are 15 trees in the Garcia family's backyard. If 20% of the trees are oak trees, how many oak trees
are there?
Answers
You have to put in a calculator:
15 x 100 ÷ 20
It then equals 3
There will be 3 oak trees in Gracias family.
What are oak trees?In North America, there are numerous varieties of oak trees. Red oaks and white oaks are the two main divisions of the variations.
The same tree bears both male and female flowers. Between April and May, male flowers emerge in the form of long, dangling clusters and spew pollen into the air.
Red and grey squirrels, as well as a variety of insects, such as the caterpillars of the only-oak-dependent purple hairstreak butterfly (Favonius quercus) and dark-crimson underwing moth (Catocala sponsa), consume oak blossoms. The oak-mining bee (Andrena ferox), a UK BAP Priority species, which almost exclusively consumes oak pollen, is one species of bee that finds great value in the pollen.
Therefore, here will be 3 oak trees in Gracias family.
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(Systems in Action)
1 ) Work is energy in action, It is measured in
A ) Newton’s
B ) Joules
C ) Kilograms
D ) You can’t measure work
2 ) An ax is which type of machine?
A ) A first-Class lever
B ) A wedge
C ) A pulley
D ) An incline plane
3 ) True or False - There are two types of levers
A ) True
B ) False
4 ) 9.8N = ___kg
A ) 3kg
B ) 1kg
C ) 1.5kg
Answers
Answer:
1) D
2) B
3) True
4) B
Explanation:
Consider the following chemical reaction in equilibrium.
CH3COOH Double headed arrow. CH3COO–(aq) + H+(aq)
What will happen to the chemical equilibrium if MgCl2 is added?
The chemical equilibrium of the system will be unaffected.
The chemical equilibrium of the system will shift to the right to favor the forward reaction.
The chemical equilibrium of the system will shift to the left to favor the reverse reaction.
The chemical equilibrium of the system will be damaged irreversibly.
Answers
The addition of magnesium chloride to the solution results in unaffected chemical equilibrium of the system.
What is chemical equilibrium?
Chemical equilibrium is the state in which both the reactants and products are present in concentrations that have no further tendency to change with time, resulting in no apparent change in the system's properties.
According to the given qsn:
\(CH_3COOH\) ⇄ \(CH3COO^-(aq) + H^+(aq)\)
This reaction is reversible. the products can be converted back to reactant when the products concentration becomes high.
The increase or decrease in the concentration of reactants and products, there is a corresponding shift in chemical equilibrium.
Whereas, on adding MgCl\(_2\)
it will dissociate as \(MgCl_2\) ⇆ \(Mg^+ + Cl^-\)
This will not affect the concentration of reactant or product.
So,
The addition of magnesium chloride to the solution results in unaffected chemical equilibrium of the system. Thus, option A is correct.
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The hairs on Xander’s arms just started lying flat against his skin. Which is most likely his internal body temperature?
35°C, or 95°F
36°C, or 96.8°F
37°C, or 98.6°F
38°C, or 100.4°F
Answers
Answer:
its d on edg
Explanation:
The most likely internal body temperature for Xander based on the given information would be around 35°C (or 95°F) or 36°C (or 96.8°F).
What is body temperature?Body temperature refers to the internal temperature of an organism's body, which is typically maintained within a narrow range for optimal physiological functioning. In humans, normal body temperature ranges from 36.5°C to 37.5°C (97.7°F to 99.5°F), although it can vary slightly depending on factors such as age, sex, time of day, and activity level.
The fact that the hairs on his arms have started lying flat against his skin suggests that he is experiencing a decrease in body temperature. This is because the contraction of the arrector pili muscles, which causes the hairs on the skin to stand up and create "goosebumps," is a response to cold temperatures and is designed to help trap a layer of insulating air close to the skin to keep the body warm. As the body temperature drops, this response is triggered to conserve heat.
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Number and laminar distribution of neurons in a thalamocortical projection column of rat vibrissal cortex.
Answers
The quantity and arrangement of NeuN-positive neurons in the C2, D2, and D3 TC projection columns in the P27 rat somatosensory barrel cortex based on a thorough identification of neurons in a thalamocortical projection column of rat vibrissal cortex.
The main sources of cortical activity in sensory areas5 and associative brain areas, like the frontal cortex10–12, are thalamocortical projections. There are approximately 40 nuclei in the thalamus4,13,14, and each one innervates a unique combination of cortical regions.
Thalamocortical radiations, also known as thalamocortical fibers, serve as functional relays transmitting sensory or motor information from the thalamus to various regions of the cerebral cortex. Thalamocortical radiations are parallel channels that connect particular thalamic nuclei with particular cortical regions. In individuals with psychosis, there are two unique patterns of thalamocortical connection.
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the amino acid that can be converted to niacin in the body is
Answers
The amino acid that can be converted to niacin in the body is tryptophan. Tryptophan is an essential amino acid that is obtained from the diet and is necessary for protein synthesis and various physiological processes. In addition to its role in protein synthesis, tryptophan can be converted into niacin through a series of enzymatic reactions.
Niacin, also known as vitamin B3, is an essential nutrient required for the proper functioning of the body. It plays a crucial role in energy metabolism, DNA repair, and the production of various molecules, such as neurotransmitters.
The conversion of tryptophan to niacin occurs through a pathway called the kynurenine pathway. This pathway involves several enzymes that sequentially convert tryptophan into niacin. However, it is important to note that the conversion of tryptophan to niacin is a limited and inefficient process, and the majority of dietary niacin is obtained directly from food sources rather than through tryptophan conversion.
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This table shows DNA sequence comparisons for some hypothetical species. Based on the data, describe evolutionary relationships between Species A and the other four species. Explain your answer.
Answers
Answer:
A is most closely related to Species E
Explanation:
In the theory and principle of evolution, species A is related to all of these other species. However, based on the variation several thousand or hundred thousand years ago, Species B branched off and became it's own species. Later, species D branched off as well. Species C was later to branch off, but still eventually branched off from species E and A. Species E is the closest in DNA similarity to species A, so therefore they share a relatively recent common ancestor and are probably in the same family or genus.
The evolutionary relationship of species A with other species is given as, Species A < Species E < Species C < Species D < Species B.
Evolution is defined as the change in the heritable species with the successive generation. The changes increase as the evolution process.
Which species is more similar to species A?Species A is the origin species. It consists of the changes in the traits that individual results in the decrease in the similarity among the individual species.
The species with the close successive generation has more similarity in the DNA with compared to the evolution species.
The maximum similarity of species A DNA is found with species E DNA. Thus, species E is evolved from species A.
The sequence of evolution from species A is given as:
Species A, Species E, Species C, Species D, and Species B.
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Acid-Base Balance Cases pH = 7.50 CO2 = 47 HCO3- = 32 Is it acidosis, alkalosis or neither? Is the problem respiratory or metabolic in nature? Metabolic in nature. Is there any compensation occurring? Has the body tried to fix the problem?
Answers
answer and explanation
this question required us to interpret the atrial blood gas data provided.
from the information provided, this case is a case of alkalosis because the pH reading is 7.50. pH values less that 7.35 indicate acidosis and pH levels greater that 7.45 indicate a case of alkalosis.
this is a metabolic alkalosis because the HCO3 value is greater than 22 and it is fully compensated because of the high CO2
How does your body know it needs to release more bile and pancreatic juices into the small
intestine?
Answers
Answer:
by the signals sent by different organs of the digestive system to the brain
Which of these provides an example of molecules moving by facilitated diffusion?
A)
Water.diffuses across the phospholipid bilayer with the gradient.
B)
Na moves through a membrane protein against the gradient to the
cytoplasm.
C)
O, moves from high concentration outside the blood cell to low
concentration inside the blood cell
Glucose moves from high concentration in the blood to lower
concentration in the cell using a membrane protein.
Answers
Answer:D
Explanation:
The movement of Na through a membrane protein against the gradient to the cytoplasm would be a good example of facilitated diffusion.
What is facilitated diffusion?It is the diffusion of substances against their concentration gradients with the assistance of carrier molecules.
In other words, it is the movement of substances from their region of lower concentration to their region of higher concentration.
Thus, the movement of Na through a membrane protein against its own concentration gradient is an example of facilitated diffusion.
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what is a waste product of the electron transport chain
Answers
Answer:
Water is the waste product of the electron transport system when performing in the presence of oxygen.
You are going to use the enrichment culture technique to isolate Gram negative, aerobic, N2-fixing bacteria from a sample of soil. You will need to design a defined medium which will allow you to enrich for Gram negative, aerobic, N2-fixing bacteria. Which of the following ingredients would you want to include in your defined medium?
a. Vitamin.
b. Trace Element Solution.
c. Air (O2 + N2).
d. MgSO4.
e. KCl.
f. Glucose.
g. Penicillin.
h. Yeast extract.
i. Na2HPO4.
j. NH4Cl.
Answers
The following ingredients you would want to include in your defined medium is A, B, C, D, E, F, and J.
Explanation:-
Enrichment culture is a culture that is created to increase the number of microorganisms of interest within the sample. It is a fundamental method for the detection of soil microorganisms that carry out a specific metabolic process.
The following ingredients you would want to include in your defined medium:
a. Vitamin.
b. Trace Element Solution.
c. Air (O2 + N2).
d. MgSO4.
e. KCl.
f. Glucose.
j. NH4Cl.
To isolate Gram-negative, aerobic N2-fixing bacteria from a soil sample, you'll need to use an enrichment culture approach and design a defined medium that supports their growth.
The following are some components that can be added to the culture medium for enriching Gram-negative, aerobic, N2-fixing bacteria. The addition of nitrogen, carbon, minerals, and vitamins are all critical components for enriching the culture medium.
Air (O2 + N2)
Trace Element Solution
Vitamin
MgSO4
KCl
Glucose
NH4Cl
The absence of penicillin or yeast extract is required since they may inhibit the growth of aerobic, Gram-negative, N2-fixing bacteria in soil samples.
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what are infectious agents?
A. agents that investigate a different type of infection
B. attackers that can cause a response by the immune system
C. attacker that cannot cause a response by the immune system
D. infectious agents are always good for the human immune systeme
Answers
Describe the difference between an antibody and an antigen.
Answers
Antibodies are proteins that recognize and neutralize foreign substances (antigens), protecting the body from harm by binding to and neutralizing them.
An antibody is a protein molecule that is produced in response to the presence of a foreign substance known as an antigen. An antigen is a substance that induces an immune response in the body, and it is typically a foreign molecule such as a virus, bacterium, or parasite.
The primary function of antibodies is to recognize and neutralize antigens by binding to them, preventing them from causing harm to the body. The antigen-antibody interaction is the basis of the immune response that is mounted by the body to protect against infection and disease.
Overall, the difference between an antibody and an antigen is that an antigen is a foreign substance that triggers an immune response, while an antibody is a protein molecule that recognizes and binds to the antigen to neutralize it.
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If the template strand has two or more identical nucleotides in a row, their complementary nucleotides will be added one after the other in the same flow step. How are two or more of the same nucleotide (in a row) detected in the flow-gram? (See sample on the right.) Write out the sequence of the first 25 nucleotides in the flow-gram above, starting from the left. (ignore the very short lines.)
Answers
Answer: A higher peak in the flow-gram shows two or more same nucleotides.
The sequence of the first 25 nucleotides would be TCAGCGTAAGGTGATGTATAGGGGC.
Explanation:
Step 1: Next-generation sequencing
In the next-generation sequencing technique, a DNA molecule is isolated and degraded into 300 base pair long DNA fragments. Each fragment is then isolated and copied by the PCR technique. The fragments are then sequenced parallelly.
Thus, the sequencing technique allows the sequencing of about 2 billion nucleotides within 24 hours.
Step 2: Sequence of DNA fragment is shown in flow-gram
The nucleotides of the DNA fragments are exhibited in the flow-gram. Computer software analyzes the sequences of all the fragments and presents the sequence of the whole genome.
In the flow gram, the height of the peaks represents the number of identical consecutive nucleotides in the sequence. For example, if a nucleotide is present in two more numbers, that nucleotide's peak will be higher in the flow gram.
Step 3: Deduction of the sequence of the DNA fragment
The Y-axis in the flow-gram corresponds to the number of that particular nucleotide in the X-axis. On reading the nucleotides in the flow-gram, the first 25 nucleotide of the fragment sequenced is TCAGCGTAAGGTGATGTATAGGGGC.
Explain what is included in the Hydrosphere and how it affects the Carbon Cycle.
Answers
Answer: There is carbon found in the hydrosphere
Explanation: Carbon is used by many organisms to produce shells. And many marine plants use carbon for photosynthesis.
Which term describes the area where apopulation lives?A. Age StructureB. Migration LocationC. Growth rateD. Geographic Distribution
Answers
Commonly the place where a population lives is described was a habitat, forming a biological community, however there is not an option with that term, but between the present terms the one that is closer to a term for the area where a population lives is D. Geographic Distribution, since all the other alternatives are related to different factors of ecological studies.
Who first used the word “atomos” to describe the smallest unit of a substance?
Answers
Answer:
Democritus
Explanation:
Democritus was a Greek philosopher and is still remembered for his contribution towards the atomic structure of the universe. He first described the smallest unit of a substance and named it as "atomos".
Answer:
Democritus is correct
Explanation:
Relate the direction of force to the direction of the peaks of the mountains
Answers
The direction of force is related to the direction of the peaks of the mountains because force is the result of the tectonic plates colliding, which can cause the mountain rocks to uplift, thereby forming the peaks.
What are tectonic plates?Tectonic plates are large pieces of Earth's crust and the uppermost part of the mantle. They move and interact with each other, and are responsible for the formation of the Earth's landscape, volcanoes, and earthquakes. They are composed of the Earth's lithosphere and float on the asthenosphere. The boundaries between tectonic plates are called either convergent, where two plates meet and one moves beneath the other, divergent, where two plates move away from each other and create new crust, or transform, where two plates slide past each other.
What is force?Force is a push or pull on an object that results from the object's interaction with another object. Every object in the universe is affected by various forces, and this can be seen whenever two or more objects interact. Forces can cause objects to accelerate, slow down, stay still, or change direction. In addition, forces can act over a distance, and can even be attractive or repulsive. Forces come from many sources, such as gravity, friction, and electromagnetic fields.
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Enamel is the hardest substance in the human body. Justify your answer.
Answers
Enamel is indeed the hardest substance in the human body. It is present in teeth of humans. It covers every tooth and provides the hard layer.
Tooth Enamel is hard glossy substance that is comprised of calcium and phosphate mineral crystals which in return makes our teeth more stronger. Teeth enamel care is extremely important to maintain the oral health of teeth.
Tooth Enamel is one of the major tissue that make up tooth in humans. It covers the top layer of the teeth known as Crown. Calcium hardens the tooth enamel. Enamel contains 96% of the minerals. The color of Enamel varies from light yellow to white.
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suppose an organism is extirpated from a local environment. In what way might other organisms be affected? Provide examples to support your answer.
Answers
An ecosystem's species are linked by intricate "food webs" of eaters and eaters. When a species goes extinct, neither its predators nor its prey can consume it anymore. These populations change, and others are affected. Such "cascades" of impact can be unpredictable and occasionally fatal. This would happen if an organism is extirpated from a local environment.
What does extirpated means?Extirpation is the local extinction of a species or organism, where it/they stop existing in a specific location yet still survive elsewhere. For the survival of a species, what does extirpation mean? We limit the genetic diversity of organisms by eradicating local populations through human-mediated activities. Expungement brought on by excessive hunting, fishing, agriculture, pollution, the introduction of invasive species, and the destruction of habitat. The current loss of biodiversity brought on by humans cannot be reversed by speciation until hundreds of thousands of years have elapsed since the evolution of new species is a lengthy process. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) formally proclaimed magnificent forest frogs to be extinct in 2020. Unlike some species that have vanished entirely as a result of natural disasters, this species' extinction was also a result of human activity.
Examples include the whooping crane, the swift fox, and the leatherback sea turtle. a species of wildlife that once lived freely in Canada but is now extinct. Examples include the population of grey whales in the Atlantic Black-footed ferret, fish, and gravel chub a species of animal that is extinct.
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the ratio of alcohol to total blood volume is the group of answer choices complete blood count. red blood cell volume. blood alcohol concentration. ethyl alcohol density.
Answers
The ratio of alcohol to total blood volume is the blood alcohol concentration.
The blood alcohol concentration (BAC) is the ratio of alcohol to total blood volume. It is used to measure the amount of alcohol in a person's blood. BAC is measured by taking a sample of blood from a person's vein and testing it for alcohol content. The results of a BAC test are expressed as a percentage of alcohol in the blood.The BAC is measured in units of alcohol per 100 milliliters of blood. A BAC of 0.01% means that there is one part of alcohol in 10,000 parts of blood.
How much alcohol you've consumed, your weight, your gender, and how quickly you're drinking, might have an impact on your blood alcohol concentration. Your blood alcohol content will increase as you consume more alcohol. If you consume too much alcohol, your blood alcohol level may rise dangerously high, which could cause serious illness or even death.
Alcohol that is consumed is absorbed into the bloodstream and distributed throughout the body. Because alcohol is a central nervous system depressant, it has an impact on your brain. This indicates that it causes a slowdown in brainfunction. A breathalyzer, a device that gauges the level of alcohol in your breath, can determine your blood alcohol content.The legal limit for driving in most states is 0.08%.
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Jamie notices some small objects floating at the bottom of a sample of pond water he collected. He is trying to decide if these objects are living. He drops a small amount of alcohol nearby, and the objects move in the opposite direction. What characteristic of living things is Jamie testing
Answers
Answer:
Irritability
Explanation:
Living things have been said to contain or possess certain characteristics that qualifies them to be "LIVING". These characteristics include; movement, respiration, growth, irritability, reproduction etc. The characteristics described in this question is IRRITABILITY.
IRRITABILITY is the ability of a living thing to respond to external or internal stimulus. In this case where Jamie drops a small amount of alcohol nearby a sample of pond water he collected, he notices that the small objects move towards the opposite side. This means that the objects are RESPONDING to a stimuli, which is the ALCOHOL in this case. Hence, irritability is the characteristics being tested.
which of the following is a source of new variation in a population? group of answer choices a. sexual selection b. mutation c. genetic drift d. natural selection
Answers
Mutation is a source of new variation in a population.
B is the correct answer.
Within members of the same species, genetic variation refers to naturally occurring genetic differences. In the face of shifting environmental conditions, this variety enables adaptability and population survival.
Genetic variations that can exist in a human population include variances in skin colour, hair colour, freckles, dimples, and blood type. A few of examples of genetic variety in plants include the altered leaves of carnivorous plants and the emergence of flowers designed to resemble insects in order to attract pollinators.
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Which types of light are absorbed by genetic material? (check all that apply)
Answers
____________________ is not a process of mechanical weathering because it involves the breakdown of chemical structures.
Group of answer choices
Exfoliation
Sheet jointing
Dissolution
Frost wedging
Thermal expansion
Answers
Answer:
Thermal expansion of is not a process
Answer:
sheet jointing is nt a process
what does it mean to say that a species has a wide niche breadth?
Answers
When a species has a wide niche breadth, it means that it is able to use a variety of resources and habitats in its environment.
A species' niche refers to its role and position in its ecosystem, including the resources it uses and the environmental conditions it requires to survive and reproduce. Niche breadth refers to the range of resources and conditions a species can tolerate and utilize in its habitat. A species with a wide niche breadth can adapt to and thrive in a variety of different environments, and is not limited to a narrow range of resources or conditions.
In summary, a wide niche breadth indicates that a species is adaptable and versatile, able to use a variety of resources and habitats to survive. This can be an advantage in changing or unpredictable environments, as it allows the species to maintain its population even if some resources become scarce or conditions change.
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For pacticles are larger than oxygen particle. Which particle would be most likely to be brought into a cell by diffusion? Explain your answer
Answers
Smaller particles are more likely to be brought into a cell by diffusion. Diffusion is the passive movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
It occurs across a concentration gradient and does not require the input of energy. The process of diffusion is driven by the random motion of particles. In the given scenario, if the particles are larger than oxygen particles, it means they have a larger molecular size. Larger particles generally have more difficulty diffusing through cellular membranes due to their size. Cell membranes are selectively permeable and allow smaller particles to pass through more easily.
Oxygen particles, on the other hand, are small and have a molecular size that allows them to diffuse readily through the cell membrane. Oxygen is an essential molecule for cellular respiration and is constantly needed by cells for energy production. Hence, it is more likely that oxygen particles will be brought into a cell by diffusion. In conclusion, due to their smaller size, oxygen particles are more likely to be brought into a cell by diffusion compared to larger particles.
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