A scientist uses materials in her lab to separate DNA fragments by size. What process is she using?
Answers
Answer:
Gel electrophoresis is the technique she is using
Explanation:
Answer:
I may be wrong
Explanation:
it is le
Related Questions
what would happen if you place your gel in the electrophoresis chamber with the wells containing the DNA next to the red electrode instead of the black?
Answers
Placing the DNA wells next to the red electrode instead of the black will result in reverse migration of the DNA in the gel electrophoresis chamber.
In gel electrophoresis, the DNA is separated based on its size and charge by applying an electrical field. The DNA sample is loaded into wells in the gel, and the electrophoresis chamber is connected to a power source.
The black electrode is typically designated as the negative pole, and the red electrode is designated as the positive pole. When an electrical field is applied, the negatively charged DNA molecules will migrate towards the positive electrode (red).
If the wells containing the DNA are placed next to the red electrode instead of the black, the electrical field will be reversed, and the DNA will migrate in the opposite direction, towards the negative electrode (black).
This will result in reverse migration of the DNA in the gel, making it difficult to accurately assess the size and purity of the sample. It is important to follow proper protocol and load the DNA wells next to the black electrode to ensure proper migration of the DNA in the gel electrophoresis chamber.
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Electrophoresis is a method used to separate biological molecules, such as DNA, based on their size and charge. In an electrophoresis chamber, an electric field is applied across a gel matrix containing the sample. The DNA moves through the gel matrix towards the electrode with the opposite charge to its own.
If you were to place your gel in the electrophoresis chamber with the wells containing the DNA next to the red electrode instead of the black, the direction of the electric field would be reversed. The DNA would move in the opposite direction to what was intended and would not separate correctly based on size. This is because the electric field is directed towards the red electrode and the DNA would be moving away from it.
The correct placement of the gel and electrodes is important to ensure that the DNA separates correctly and the results are accurate. The black electrode is typically the anode and is positively charged, while the red electrode is the cathode and is negatively charged. By placing the DNA at the cathode, the negatively charged DNA will move towards the anode and separate based on size as it moves through the gel matrix.
In summary, the correct placement of the gel and electrodes in an electrophoresis chamber is a crucial factor in obtaining accurate results. By placing the gel with the wells containing the DNA next to the red electrode instead of the black, the direction of the electric field would be reversed and the DNA would not separate correctly.
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How are Cyanobacteria different from most bacteria
Answers
Answer:
Cyanobacteria is also known as blue-green algae. They differ from other bacteria as cyanobacteria contain chlorophyll-a, while most bacteria do not contain chlorophyll. Chlorophyll-a is a pigment that gives them their characteristic blue-green color.
Explanation:
hope it helps you
What are the three types of RNA and how does each contribute to protein synthesis?
Answers
There are 3 types of RNA:
mRNA (Messenger RNA): This RNA is in charge to travel the genetic information from the nucleous to the ribosome, where it binds to it and give the genetic instructions for protein synthesis.
tRNA (Transfer RNA): This RNA is in charge of providing the correct amino acid to the ribosome during protein translation.
rRNA (Ribosomal RNA): This RNA are structural proteins of the ribosomes.
Compare and contrast characteristics and use his own diodes and triodes
Answers
Answer:
Comparison of characteristics and use of diodes and triodes is given below:
Diode and triodes both are electrical components but diode allows the flow of current in only one direction while triode has three electrodes.Diode consists of two terminal (anode and cathode) while Triodes have three terminals (cathode, anode, and grid). A diode is an electrical component used to control voltage while triode is a current controlled device. Diodes used in modern electronics such as LED while triodes are used in RF heating systems.Answer:
1. Conditions that result in the emission of electrons from a conductor:
Heating the conductor to a suitable temperature
Exposing the conductor to a strong light
Subjecting the conductor to a very high applied voltage
Subjecting the conductor to high-speed electrons from another source
2. Both diodes and triodes influence current flow and contain electrodes. Diodes involve only two active pieces; triodes contain three electrodes within a tube. Current can flow through a diode in only one direction. Diodes tend to act as rectifiers. In a triode, the third electrode is a grid located between the cathode and the anode. A small difference of potential between the grid and the cathode controls the number of electrons that reach the anode. Adjusting the charge on the grid affects the number of electrons that can reach the anode. Triodes tend to act as amplifiers.
3. Transmitting antenna
Modulator
Oscillator
Microphone
4. RF amplifier
Receiving antenna
Loudspeaker
Demodulator
Tuner
5. hue, saturation, intensity/brightness
6.red, blue, green
Explanation:
pf is all the answer trust me
How can a mutation get into a population?
Answers
Answer:
Some mutations do not result in changes in the amino acid sequence of the encoded protein and can be described as silent mutations. Other mutations result in abnormal protein products. Mutations can introduce new alleles into a population of organisms and increase the population's genetic variation.
Explanation:
Answer:
Some mutations do not result in changes in the amino acid sequence of the encoded protein and can be described as silent mutations. Other mutations result in abnormal protein products. Mutations can introduce new alleles into a population of organisms and increase the population's genetic variation.
Explanation:
How might a foreign policy decision, such as the placement of an economic sanction against another country, affect U.S. citizens?
Answers
Impact on the U.S. economy: Sanctions can impact the economy of the country that they are imposed on, but they can also affect the U.S. economy. For instance, if the sanctioned country is a significant trading partner with the U.S., then the sanctions could lead to decreased trade and economic activity between the two countries, which could harm American businesses and consumers.
Impact on prices: Sanctions can impact prices of goods and services in the U.S. If the U.S. imposes sanctions on a country that is a major exporter of a particular commodity, such as oil or natural gas, then the price of that commodity could increase. This, in turn, could lead to increased prices for American consumers and businesses that rely on that commodity.
Impact on jobs: Sanctions can lead to job losses in the U.S. If the U.S. imposes sanctions on a country that is a major trading partner, then American companies that do business with that country could suffer. This could lead to layoffs or even the closure of those companies, which would result in job losses for American workers.
Impact on national security: Sanctions can also impact national security. If the sanctioned country is a potential threat to the U.S., then the sanctions could be a way to weaken that country's economy and military. However, the sanctioned country may retaliate, which could lead to increased tension and conflict between the two countries.
In summary, a foreign policy decision like the placement of an economic sanction against another country can have significant impacts on U.S. citizens, including their economic well-being, job security, and even their safety.
Hope this helps!
What about DNA’s structure /shape makes it the perfect molecule for heredity and genetics?
Answers
Heredity, Genes, and DNA
Perhaps the most fundamental property of all living things is the ability to reproduce. All organisms inherit the genetic information specifying their structure and function from their parents. Likewise, all cells arise from preexisting cells, so the genetic material must be replicated and passed from parent to progeny cell at each cell division. How genetic information is replicated and transmitted from cell to cell and organism to organism thus represents a question that is central to all of biology. Consequently, elucidation of the mechanisms of genetic transmission and identification of the genetic material as DNA were discoveries that formed the foundation of our current understanding of biology at the molecular level.
Genes and Chromosomes
The classical principles of genetics were deduced by Gregor Mendel in 1865, on the basis of the results of breeding experiments with peas. Mendel studied the inheritance of a number of well-defined traits, such as seed color, and was able to deduce general rules for their transmission. In all cases, he could correctly interpret the observed patterns of inheritance by assuming that each trait is determined by a pair of inherited factors, which are now called genes. One gene copy (called an allele) specifying each trait is inherited from each parent. For example, breeding two strains of peas—one having yellow seeds, and the other green seeds—yields the following results (Figure 3.1). The parental strains each have two identical copies of the gene specifying yellow (Y) or green (y) seeds, respectively. The progeny plants are therefore hybrids, having inherited one gene for yellow seeds (Y) and one for green seeds (y). All these progeny plants (the first filial, or F1, generation) have yellow seeds, so yellow (Y) is said to be dominant and green (y) recessive. The genotype (genetic composition) of the F1 peas is thus Yy, and their phenotype (physical appearance) is yellow. If one F1 offspring is bred with another, giving rise to F2 progeny, the genes for yellow and green seeds segregate in a characteristic manner such that the ratio between F2 plants with yellow seeds and those with green seeds is 3:1.
Which of the following statements correctly matches the scientist to his theory of evolution?
A. Darwin - organism with acquired traits can pass them to offspring
B. Lamarck - organisms with best inherited traits survive and reproduce
C. Lamarck - survival of the fittest
D. Darwin - organisms with best inherited traits survive and reproduce
Answers
Answer:
D
Explanation:
Darwin believed that in the same species some animals have traits that allow them to better survive and these individuals reproduce while the others die out so only the individual with the best inherited traits survives
Which observations finally lead to the hypothesis that an asteroid had hit the earth at the KT
boundary?
High levels of iridium
Evidence of a mass extinction of global scale
Absence of plutonium
High levels of plutonium
Absence of iridium
Answers
There was plenty of iridium in the KT boundary but no plutonium-244—so far: no plutonium, significant obsidian levels, and a significant extinction event.
Which specific observations support the ultimate theory that an asteroid struck the Earth near the K-T boundary?What other observations and conclusions provided evidence for the asteroid-impact theory? In the K-T layer, researchers have discovered glass spherules, shocked silica, and tektites. These results are in agreement with a crash or blast that produced extremely high heat and shock waves.
What proof does the asteroid impact theory have?There is a tonne of evidence that the asteroid impact scenario is correct. For instance, the fossil record demonstrates how quickly dinosaurs vanished. This is more in line with a significant catastrophe like an.
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What factors contribute to past and present changes in California's sea otter population?
Answers
Answer:
White shark bites, parasites, food availability, habitat degradation are among some of the contributing factors threatening the recovery of the species. The greatest threat to a sea otter is the oil spills.
Hope this helps!
Extra - Fun fact - Sea otters play a vital role in the health and stability of the nearshore marine ecosystem as a keystone species.
Answer:
White shark bites, parasites, food availability, habitat degradation are among some of the contributing factors threatening the recovery of the species. The greatest threat to a sea otter is the oil spills.
Explanation:
Choose all the answers that apply.
Oxygen is _____.
released into the air by the lungs
pumped to cells by ventricles
picked up in the alveoli
transported by blood
Answers
Answer:
it is a i think not for certain
Explanation:
11. Which of these cells is responsible for cell-mediated immunity?
A. B lymphocyte
B. plasma cell
C. T lymphocyte
D. phagocyte
12. Which of the following is true of antibodies?
A. They are made by B lymphocytes.
B. They are made by Helper T lymphocytes.
C. They are made by Killer T lymphocytes.
D. They are made by macrophages.
13. Which cells produce chemicals that cause the other parts of the immune system to function?
A. B lymphocytes
B. Helper T lymphocytes
C. Killer T lymphocytes
D. plasma cells
14. Which of the following remain after recovering from an infection and provide immunity?
A. memory cells
B. phagocytes
C. macrophages
D. plasma cells
15. Which of the following immune system cells are the hosts for HIV?
A. B lymphocytes
B. Helper T lymphocytes
C. Killer T lymphocytes
D. plasma cells
16. Which of these is an example of natural active immunity?
A. immunity after receiving a vaccination
B. immunity after recovering from a pathogen infection
C. a baby's immunity resulting from antibodies from its mother
D. None of these choices is correct.
17. Which of the following best explains how vaccinations result in ACTIVE immunity?
A. The vaccination causes a primary immune response and memory cells are retained for life.
B. The vaccination contains antibodies.
C. The vaccination contains lymphocytes from horses.
D. None of these choices is correct.
18. Which of the following practices contributes to bacteria that have resistance to antibiotics?
A. Prescribing antibiotics for diseases that are not caused by bacteria.
B. Self prescribing of antibiotics by people whenever they are ill.
C. Patients stop taking prescribed antibiotics when they begin to feel better instead of finishing the prescription.
D. All of these choices are correct.
19. Which of the following can result in an endemic disease becoming an epidemic?
A. The health of the host population is reduced by overcrowding or stress.
B. There is a drastic increase in the population of the vector of the pathogen.
C. The pathogen mutates to a more dangerous form.
D. All of these choices are correct.
20. What is the name for a disease outbreak that spans several continents or the entire world?
A. an endemic
B. an epidemic
C. a pandemic
D. All of these choices are correct.
Answers
11. T lymphocyte
12. B lymphocyte
13. T helper lymphocyte
14. memory cells
15. helper t lymphocyte
16. B
17. D
18. C
19. D (not sure)
20. C
Shark dichotomous answers
Answers
1. **How does the amount of carbon the US emits compare to other countries?
Answers
Answer:
5.1 billion metric tons of carbon is emitted by U.S as compared to other countries which emits about 32.5 billion metric tons of carbon.
Explanation:
U.S emits about 5.1 billion metric tons of carbon in the atmosphere which contribute in air pollution also helps in rising the temperature of the earth atmosphere because carbondioxide is a green house gas which increases the earth temperature. The main reason of high amount of carbon emission is the high number of industries and more fossil fuels is burnt in the engines of vehicles.
Describe and explain how the surface of the early Earth and its atmosphere have changed
to form the surface of the Earth and its atmosphere today.
Answers
Earth had essentially no atmosphere when it originated 4.6 billion years ago from a heated mixture of gases and minerals. The ground had melted on it.
An atmosphere developed when Earth cooled, primarily from gases released by volcanoes. It contained methane, hydrogen sulfide, and ten to 200 times as much carbon dioxide as the atmosphere we are surrounded by today. The Earth's surface began to cool and solidify after roughly 500 million years, allowing water to accumulate there. Although life on Earth continued to develop and diversify, such periods of expansion and development were halted by mass extinctions, in which many of the planet's major life forms were either entirely or partially wiped out and many others were freshly established. Such catastrophic extinction episodes are attributed to asteroids impacts, climate change, volcanic eruptions, etc. Dinosaurs were also wiped out in one such event. The largest problem the Earth is currently experiencing is climate change brought on by human activity. Although human activities may exterminate some species from the world, the planet will undoubtedly recover and return to its natural balance as it has for millions of years. However, the sun will ultimately wipe out Earth, as predicted by scientists. The Sun will lose its structural integrity and enlarge in volume as it ages and eventually runs out of the fuel that keeps it going—hydrogen—which will cause it to burn everything in its path, including life on Earth. In the end, the Sun would perish, leaving the Solar System permanently in the dark.
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transcribe and translate dna
Answers
Answer:
The human genome contains around 30 000 genes, each of which codes for one protein. Large stretches of DNA in the human genome are transcribed but do not code for proteins. ... The process by which DNA is copied to RNA is called transcription, and that by which RNA is used to produce proteins is called translation.
Explanation:
What structure does light pass through directly after leaving the condenser in a compound light microscope?.
Answers
Answer:
Specimen
Explanation:
Light passes through the specimen directly after leaving the condenser in a compound light microscope.
A specimen is a structure from which light passes directly after leaving the condenser in a compound light microscope.
What is a Light microscope?A Light microscope may be defined as an instrument that utilized light along with magnifying lenses, and an eyepiece in order to examine objects that are too small to be visualized by the unaided eye. This tool is used in biological science and scientific research.
A compound light microscope consists of its own light source as well as more than one lens. These multiple lenses permit a greater magnification of the object that can be examined under it.
It can be thought that after leaving the condenser in a compound light microscope the light significantly passes through the opening in the phase before falling on the slide that can be examined in the resting stage.
Therefore, a specimen is a structure from which light passes directly after leaving the condenser in a compound light microscope.
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What systems can you think of? List one or two examples of things that you think might be systems
Answers
Systems can be found in various domains, such as biology, ecology, society, information, and the physical world. Examples include the nervous system, ecosystems, economic systems, computer networks, and the solar system. Systems consist of interconnected elements working together to fulfill a common purpose.
Systems are structures or sets of interconnected elements that work together to achieve a common purpose. There are various types of systems found in different domains. Here are a few examples:
1. Biological Systems:
- The nervous system: It includes the brain, spinal cord, and nerves, which work together to transmit signals and coordinate bodily functions.
- The cardiovascular system: It consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood, responsible for circulating oxygen, nutrients, and hormones throughout the body.
2. Ecological Systems:
- Ecosystems: A complex system comprising living organisms (plants, animals, microorganisms) interacting with their physical environment (soil, water, climate) in a specific geographical area.
- Food webs: Systems that depict the interconnectedness of various organisms in an ecosystem through their feeding relationships.
3. Social Systems:
- Economic system: A network of individuals, organizations, and institutions involved in the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services within a society.
- Political system: Structures and processes through which a society governs itself, including institutions, laws, and decision-making mechanisms.
4. Information Systems:
- Computer networks: Interconnected devices and communication protocols that enable the exchange of data and information between computers.
- Database systems: Organized collections of data and software designed to efficiently store, retrieve, and manage large amounts of information.
5. Physical Systems:
- Solar system: A system consisting of the sun, planets, and other celestial bodies held together by gravitational forces.
- Climate system: The interactions between the atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and geosphere that influence long-term weather patterns and climate conditions.
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carbohydrates are used by the body primarily for group of answer choices short-term energy. antioxidants. tissue growth and healing. sustained energy.
Answers
Carbohydrates are used by the body primarily for short-term energy.
When consumed, carbohydrates are broken down into glucose, which is the primary fuel source for the body's cells. Glucose can be quickly and easily metabolized to produce ATP, the molecule that cells use to store and transport energy. This makes carbohydrates an excellent source of energy for activities that require immediate energy, such as exercise, as well as for supporting essential bodily functions such as brain and organ function. However, carbohydrates can also be stored in the body in the form of glycogen and used to provide sustained energy for longer periods of time.
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Which of the following resources are a reason for competition? Select ALL correct answers.
mates for reproduction
prey for food
space to live
shelter from predators
light for energy
Answers
Answer:
all of these things can be and in fact are reasons for competition
Answer:
Explanation:
4. What term is used to describe factors like greenhouse gases, average temperatures, sea levels, ocean acidity, and glacier ice?
O climate change models
O climate change predictors
O climate change tools
O climate change indicators
Answers
Which best describes the permeability of a membrane?
O A. The total thickness of the membrane
B. The flexibility of the membrane
C. The number of molecules in the membrane
D. The ability to allow materials to cross a membrane
Answers
Answer:
D
Explanation:
D. is correct because the membrane works like a security guard and only allows certain materails to cross the membrane. The definition of permeability is the state or quality that allows something to pass through.
Permeability is a standard of easy motion of liquid and gases through a membrane or material. They allow the transportation and exchange of gases in a cell.
The statement that best describes the permeability of a membrane is:
Option D. The ability to allow materials to cross a membrane.
This can be explained as:
Permeability is a physical property of membranes and substances that allows the other molecules to move through them.It acts as a barrier from substances entering and exiting the cell or membrane and maintains the balance in a system.Therefore, permeability is the allowance of materials across the membrane.
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is Fat around organs
structure of cell membranes
protection
chemical messenger
Answers
Answer:
protection
Explanation:
The "fat" around the organs is called the "visceral adipose tissue." Its primary function is to "protect" the organs it encloses from injury. It also keeps the person warm especially when exposed to cold environments. Besides this, it also serves as a storage area for your calories in the body. Fat is not completely harmful as most people think.
This is the reason why it is not good to lose so much weight or become too skinny because losing some fat may be harmful to your organ's protection and heat regulation.
What do you think about how Covid-19 affects the
world of taxation especially in Indonesia?
Answers
Covid-19 has affected taxation in Indonesia through measures such as tax relief, but also posed challenges with reduced economic activity and revenue streams.
The Covid-19 pandemic has had significant economic consequences globally, and tax systems have been impacted as well. In Indonesia, measures such as tax relief, deferrals, and exemptions were implemented to support businesses and individuals during the crisis.
At the same time, reduced economic activity and disruptions in supply chains may have led to decreased tax revenues. Governments, including Indonesia, have faced challenges in balancing the need for fiscal support with the need to maintain revenue streams and ensure economic recovery.
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An intrinsic factor of food that can determine whether spoilage occurs is
storage packaging.
the degree of processing.
the storage temperature.
the amount of preservatives added.
the water content.
Answers
The water content of food is an intrinsic factor that can determine whether spoilage occurs. The correct answer is option(e).
Bacteria and other microorganisms require moisture to grow and reproduce, so foods with higher water content are more prone to spoilage than those with lower water content. However, other intrinsic factors such as the degree of processing, the amount of preservatives added, and the storage temperature can also play a role in determining whether spoilage occurs.
Proper storage packaging can also help to prevent spoilage by limiting exposure to air and moisture. The presence of water creates an ideal habitat for the development of microorganisms that can ruin food, including bacteria, yeast, and mould. Foods with more water in them are more likely to develop microorganisms and deteriorate faster.
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Drew is showing his friends a device that he claims is able to trap 90 percent of the pollutants in automobile exhaust. To build the device, Drew outfitted a vacuum cleaner with a specially designed air filter, modified the vacuum cleaner to allow it to receive electricity from a gasoline-powered engine, and attached a rubber fitting and adjustable clamp to the end of the vacuum hose. Which of Drew's modifications to the vacuum cleaner could potentially reduce the effectiveness of his device? A. attaching a rubber fitting and adjustable clamp to the hose B. outfitting it with a specially designed air filter C. allowing it to receive electricity from gasoline-powered engines D. all of these
Answers
Answer:
alllowing it to receive electricity from gasoline-powered engines
Explanation:
i guessed and got it wrong to see the answer... just for you guys
Drew's modifications to the vacuum cleaner to receive electricity from the gasoline-powered engine will reduce the effectiveness of his device. The correct option is C.
Thus, the modification of the vacuum cleaner to receive electricity from the gasoline-powered engine suggests that the device is recycling the same pollutants it was designed to trap.
This will make the device ineffective in reducing the number of pollutants in the air. If the vacuum cleaner receives electricity from the same engine that produces the automobile exhaust, then it cannot be removing the pollutants from the air. Instead, it is simply recycling the same air and pollutants, which means that the effectiveness of the device is compromised.
However, the rubber fitting and adjustable clamp allow the hose of the vacuum cleaner to attach securely to the automobile exhaust pipe, and the specially designed air filter is used to trap the pollutants.
Thus, the ideal selection is option C.
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Which are undifferentiated cells that can become differentiated into one or more types of cells?
Answers
Answer:
Stem cells
Explanation:
These cells will speacialise into specific functions over time
There are many microscopes that can be used to view small objects.
Which microscope would be best to view this structure? ( Image below )
a compound microscope
a transmission electron microscope
a scanning electron microscope
a scanning tunneling microscope
Answers
Answer:
transmision
Explanation:
Answer:
I believe it is B
Explanation:
I hope this helps you :)
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What do you know about deserts, grasslands, or tundra biomes?
Answers
Answer:
this is what i do when i bored :P
Explanation:
A desert is a barren area of landscape where little precipitation occurs and, consequently, living conditions are hostile for plant and animal life. The lack of vegetation exposes the unprotected surface of the ground to the processes of denudation. Grasslands are areas where the vegetation is dominated by grasses. However, sedge and rush can also be found along with variable proportions of legumes, like clover, and other herbs. Grasslands occur naturally on all continents except Antarctica and are found in most ecoregions of the Earth. In physical geography, tundra is a type of biome where the tree growth is hindered by low temperatures and short growing seasons. The term tundra comes through Russian тундра from the Kildin Sámi word тӯндар meaning "uplands", "treeless mountain tract".
Please help if you have watch the Amoeba Sisters photosynthesis
what part(s) of the video you liked
what part(s) of the video you did not like
was the video was useful to you and why/why not
Answers
Explanation:
the video was really use ful I watched it a couple. of times before a test to