(a) In mechanics of materials, define: (i) a yield criterion; (ii) a fracture criterion. (b) In a uniaxial test the yield stress of a particular steel is 350MPa. At a point in a plate of the steel loaded in plane stress, the principal stresses acting are both tensile as shown: [10] If σ1​=σ2​, how big can the stresses become without yielding of the steel accerding to the least conservative of the common yield criteria? State clearly any assumption you may need to make. (c) If σ1​=a1​ in a large plate, then a hole is drilled at the centre of the plate, how big (as a proportion of the yield stress) can the applied stresses σ1​ and σ2​ be at large distance from the hole if yield is not to occur according to any common yicld criterion? Explain your reasoning. (d) In the circumstances described in part (c), if yield did occur but the stresses applied at distance from the hole continued to increase, discuss with suitable illustration what the possible consequences might be for the highest stresses in the plate.

Answer:

13 moles of oxygen

Explanation:

A mole of a substance is the unit of measuring the number of particles within a chemical substance.

The given compound is:

      Ca₅ (PO₄)₃OH

This is a mole of   Ca₅ (PO₄)₃OH

  In this compound we have:

  5 moles of Ca

  3 mole of P

   13 mole of O

   1 mole of H

So,

  In 1 mole of  Ca₅ (PO₄)₃OH, we have 13 moles of oxygen

Answer:

Copper is a metal made up of copper atoms closely packed together. As a result, the electrons can move freely through the metal. For this reason, they are known as free electrons. They are also known as conduction electrons because they help copper be a good conductor of heat and electricity.

Explanation:

Potentiometric method provides a more accurate and precise determination of the analyte concentration compared to traditional color indicator-based titrations.

Potentiometric titrations offer several advantages over titrations that use colored indicators. Some of these advantages include:
1. Increased accuracy: Potentiometric titrations directly measure the potential difference between the electrodes instead of relying on the color change, which can be subjective and influenced by factors such as solution color and human error.
2. Greater sensitivity: Potentiometric methods can detect smaller changes in concentration, allowing for more precise determination of the endpoint.
3. Wider range of analytes: Potentiometric titrations can be used for a broader range of analytes, including those that do not have a well-defined color change with conventional indicators.
For a potentiometric method involving an analyte you've encountered in your experiments, I suggest using a pH electrode for an acid-base titration. Here's a short outline of the procedure:
1. Prepare the analyte solution in a beaker and add an appropriate amount of a supporting electrolyte to minimize the liquid junction potential.
2. Place a pH electrode and a reference electrode (e.g., Ag/AgCl) into the solution.
3. Connect the electrodes to a potentiometer or pH meter to measure the potential difference between them.
4. Begin titration by slowly adding the titrant solution (e.g., a strong acid or base) to the analyte solution while continuously monitoring the potential difference.
5. Record the potential difference and the volume of titrant added at regular intervals.
6. Plot the potential difference against the volume of titrant added to construct a titration curve. Identify the inflection point on the curve, which corresponds to the endpoint of the titration.
7. Use the titrant volume at the endpoint to calculate the concentration of the analyte in the solution.

Learn more about Potentiometric method here

https://brainly.com/question/28855227

#SPJ11

Step 1

The reaction must be completed and balanced as follows:

C3H8 + 5 O2 => 3 CO2 + 4 H2O

-------------

Step 2

Information provided:

20.0 g of C3H8

10.0 g of O2

----

Information needed:

1 mole of C3H8 = 44.1 g

1 mole of O2 = 32.0 g

(use your periodic table please)

-------------

Step 3

By stoichiometry,

C3H8 + 5 O2 => 3 CO2 + 4 H2O

44.1 g C3H8 ---------- 5 x 32.0 g O2

20.0 g C3H8 ---------- X

X = 20.0 g C3H8 x 5 x 32.0 g O2/44.1 g C3H8

X = 72.6 g O2

For 20.0 g of C3H8, 72.6 g of O2 is needed, but there is only 10.0 g of O2.

Therefore,

Answer:

The limiting reactant = O2

The excess = C3H8

Answer:

a

Explanation:

because the water was left in the room the water vapour from the surroundings air comes into contact with the cooler surface of the water, so its losses heat qnd condense to form water droplet.

Answer:

37E 15-ow

Explanation:

You see the amount of number shown is added up to the theroisicotist which is a hippopotamus

Answer:

    2H2    +   1 O2   ------>    2H2O

m = 12.7g                              m = ?

Get the number of moles for Hydrogen gas (H2) by dividing the mass by the molar mass (1.01g/mol as listed in the periodic table for its atomic mass)

12.7/1.01 = 12.57 mol of H2

Now use the mole to mole ratio of Hydrogen gas (H2) and water (H2O).

From the balanced equation, we can see that 2 mol of H2 gives us 2 mol of H2O. Since both of the ratios are equal (2:2), the moles we have for hydrogen gas is the same as the moles we get for water.

12.57 mol of H2O

Now that we have the amount of mol for H2O produced in this reaction, we can convert it to grams by multiplying the moles by the molar mass.

Molar mass of H2O = (1.01 x 2) + (16) = 18.02g/mol

12.57 x 18.02 = 226.5g (rounded)

Therefore 226.5g of water will be produced in this reaction

According to law of conservation of mass and stoichiometry, 114.3 g of water are produced if 12.7 grams of hydrogen reacted with an unknown amount of oxygen.

According to law of conservation of mass, it is evident that mass is neither created nor destroyed rather it is restored at the end of a chemical reaction .

Law of conservation of mass and energy are related as mass and energy are directly proportional which is indicated by the equation E=mc².Concept of conservation of mass is widely used in field of chemistry, fluid dynamics.

2 H₂ + O₂\(\rightarrow\) 2 H₂O,according to this equation,4 g hydrogen reacts with 32 g oxygen to give 36 g water, thus 12.7 g of hydrogen will produce 12.7×36/4=114.3 g water and hence for this amount of water to be formed  12.7 g of hydrogen reacts with 101.6 g of oxygen which is obtained as 114.3-12.7=101.6 g

Thus, 114.3 g of water is produced.

Learn more about law of conservation of mass,here:

https://brainly.com/question/28711001

#SPJ2

At the summit of Mount Everest, the boiling temperature of water C. would decrease (<100 ∘C).

The lower atmospheric pressure means that the pressure on the surface of the water is reduced, requiring less energy for the water molecules to escape as vapor. Consequently, the boiling point of water decreases to a temperature below 100 °C (212 °F).

At the summit of Mount Everest, the boiling point of water is approximately 68 °C (154 °F).

Therefore, if you were to bring water to a boil on the summit of Mount Everest, it would start to boil at a lower temperature compared to sea level due to the reduced atmospheric pressure.

Learn more about boiling temperature

https://brainly.com/question/1416592

#SPJ11

The types of biochemical reactions that are primarily reductive in nature are known as reduction reactions. Reduction reactions involve the gain of electrons or the decrease in oxidation state of a molecule, resulting in a reduction in its overall energy or the transfer of electrons from a donor to an acceptor molecule.

One prominent example of a reductive biochemical reaction is photosynthesis, where plants and some bacteria use sunlight energy to convert carbon dioxide (CO2) into glucose. In this process, carbon dioxide is reduced to glucose by accepting electrons and hydrogen atoms from water molecules. Another example is cellular respiration, specifically the electron transport chain, where electrons derived from the breakdown of glucose and other fuel molecules are transferred through a series of redox reactions, resulting in the reduction of molecular oxygen (O2) to water (H2O) as the final electron acceptor.

Learn  more about biochemical reaction here: brainly.com/question/13314092

#SPJ11

(a) -  1.39 atm is the partial pressure of the hydrogen gas in the sample

(b) -  0.219 g many grams of aluminum must have reached to produce this quantity of hydrogen gas.

According to Dalton's Law, often known as the Legislation of Partial Pressures, the combined pressure of a mix of gas is equal to the product of their individual partial pressures.

(a)The partial pressure of hydrogen gas and the vapour pressure of water are added to determine the total pressure of the gas mixture.

PT = Pw + PH

Water has a vapour pressure of atm.

Pw = (30.75 torr)(1.00 atm) / 760 torr

Pw = 0.0405 atm

The hydrogen gas pressure is

PH = PT - Pw

PH = 1.44 atm - 0.0405 atm

PH = 1.39 atm

(b) The amount of hydrogen gas in moles is

n = PV / RT

n = (1.39 atm) (0.2384 L)  / 0.82057 atm L / mol K (302.6 K)

n=0.0122 mol

Aluminum metal and hydrogen gas have a 3:2 molar ratio. The required amount of aluminum metal in moles is

n=0.0122 mol * 2 / 3

n = 0.00813 mol

Aluminum has a molar mass of 26.981538 g/mol. The quantity of aluminum needed is

m = 0.00813 * 26.981538 g/mol

m = 0.219 g

To know more about Partial pressure visit:

https://brainly.com/question/15075781

#SPJ4

The complete question is -

Hydrogen gas is produced by the reaction between metallic aluminum and aqueous hydrochloric acid. 2al(s) 6hcl(aq)⟶2alcl3(aq) 3h2(g)

(a)the hydrogen gas produced by this reaction is typically collected via water displacement. during this process, the hydrogen gas becomes saturated with water vapor. if 292.6 ml of gas with a total pressure of 1.44 atm is collected via water displacement at 29.4 ∘c , what is the partial pressure of the hydrogen gas in the sample?

(b)How many grams of aluminum must have reached to produce this quantity of hydrogen gas ? The vapor pressure of water at 29.4 ∘c is 30.75 torr.

The atomic ratio of carbon to oxygen in carbon monoxide (CO) is 1:1, and the atomic ratio of carbon to oxygen in carbon dioxide (CO₂) is 2:1.

Firstly, we can analyze the decomposition of carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO₂) to determine the atomic ratios involved.

Let's denote the atomic ratio of carbon to oxygen in carbon monoxide as x, and the atomic ratio of carbon to oxygen in carbon dioxide as y.

According to the given data;

Decomposition of carbon monoxide (CO);

Oxygen produced = 3.36 g

Carbon produced = 2.52 g

We know that the atomic mass of carbon is 12 g/mol, and the atomic mass of oxygen is 16 g/mol. Using these values, we can calculate the number of moles for each element;

Number of moles of oxygen = mass / atomic mass = 3.36 g / 16 g/mol = 0.21 mol

Number of moles of carbon = mass / atomic mass = 2.52 g / 12 g/mol = 0.21 mol

Since the atomic ratio of carbon to oxygen in carbon monoxide is x, we can write the following equation;

0.21 mol C / (0.21 mol O) = x

Simplifying the equation, we have;

x = 1

Therefore, the atomic ratio of carbon to oxygen in carbon monoxide is 1:1.

Decomposition of carbon dioxide (CO₂);

Oxygen produced = 9.92 g

Carbon produced = 3.72 g

Following the same calculations as before;

Number of moles of oxygen = mass / atomic mass = 9.92 g / 16 g/mol = 0.62 mol

Number of moles of carbon = mass / atomic mass = 3.72 g / 12 g/mol = 0.31 mol

Since the atomic ratio of carbon to oxygen in carbon dioxide is y, we can write the following equation;

0.31 mol C / (0.62 mol O) = y

Simplifying the equation, we have;

y = 0.5

Therefore, the atomic ratio of carbon to oxygen in carbon dioxide is 1:0.5, which can be simplified to 2:1.

To know more about decomposition here

https://brainly.com/question/20418092

#SPJ4

--The given question is incomplete, the complete question is

"Missed this? watch kcv: atomic theory; read section 2.3. you can click on the review link to access the section in your text. carbon and oxygen form both carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. when samples of these are decomposed, the carbon monoxide produces 3.36 g of oxygen and 2.52 g of carbon, while the carbon dioxide produces 9.92 g of oxygen and 3.72 g of carbon. Calculate the atomic ratio of carbon to oxygen in carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide."--

Answer:

autotrofas estrictas son aquellas bacterias incapaces de crecer usando materia orgánica como fuente de carbono. Mixotrofas son aquellas bacterias con metabolismo energético litotrofo (obtienen energía de compuestos inorgánicos), pero requieren sustancias orgánicas como nutrientes para su metabolismo biosintético.

When infusing 40 units of regular Humulin insulin in 100 mL of 0.9% NS at a rate of 10 mL/hr, 4 units of insulin will be delivered per hour.

To determine the number of units per hour that will be delivered when infusing 40 units of regular Humulin insulin in 100 mL of 0.9% NS (normal saline) at a rate of 10 mL/hr, we can set up a proportion.

Given that 40 units of insulin are diluted in 100 mL of solution, we can calculate the concentration of insulin in units per milliliter (units/mL) as:

Concentration of insulin = 40 units / 100 mL = 0.4 units/mL

Next, we need to determine the number of units delivered per hour. Since the infusion rate is 10 mL/hr, we can multiply the concentration of insulin by the infusion rate to find the units delivered per hour:

Units per hour = Concentration of insulin * Infusion rate

= 0.4 units/mL * 10 mL/hr

= 4 units/hr

To know more about the concentration of insulin, visit

https://brainly.com/question/11007497

#SPJ11

Answer:

Correct answer is table A i might be wrong

Answer:

It's A - table A

Explanation:

On Edge 2021

Answer:

K2O Potassium oxide

Explanation:

Answer:

3.03 x 10²³ atoms Cu

Explanation:

To find the amount of copper atoms, you need to (1) convert grams to moles (via average atomic mass) and then (2) convert moles to atoms (via Avogadro's number). The final answer should have 3 sig figs because the given value with the lowest amount of sig figs (32.0) also has 3 sig figs.

Avogadro's Number:

6.022 x 10²³ atoms = 1 mole

32.0 g Cu           1 mole              6.022 x 10²³ atoms
----------------  x  ----------------  x  --------------------------------  = 3.03 x 10²³ atoms Cu
                          63.55 g                        1 mole

The compound that is composed of calcium and chlorine is CaCl₂

To know which of the compound that contains calcium and chlorine, we must know the symbol of calcium and chlorine. This is shown below:

Calcium is a group 2 element with atomic number of 20 and a symbol of Ca

Chlorine is a group 17 element with atomic number of 17 and a symbol of Cl

With the above information, we can determine the compound that contains calcium and chlorine as follow:

The compound that contains calcium and chlorine must have Ca and Cl in it.

Thus, the compound that contains calcium and chlorine is CaCl₂

Learn more about composition of compound:

https://brainly.com/question/12214124

https://brainly.com/question/664620

#SPJ1

Answer:

There is 9.6 grams of CO2 produced

Explanation:

Step 1: Data given

Mass of methane = 5.50 grams

Molar mass of methane = 16.04 g/mol

Mass of oxygen = 13.9 grams

Molar mass of oxygen = 32.0 g/mol

Step 2: The reaction

CH4(g) + 2O2(g) → CO2(g) + 2H2O(g)

Step 3: Calculate number of moles

Moles = mass / molar mass

Moles methane = 5.50 grams / 16.04 g/mol

Moles methane = 0.343 moles

Moles oxygen = 13.9 grams / 32.0 g/mol

Moles oxygen = 0.434 moles

For 1 mol CH4 we need 2 moles O2 to produce 1 mol CO2 and 2 moles H2O

O2 is the limiting reactant. It will completely react (0.434 moles).

There will react 0.434/2 = 0.217 moles CH4

There will remain 0.343-0.217 = 0.126 moles CH4

There will be produced 0.434 moles of H2O and

0.434/2 =0.217 moles of CO2

Step 4: Calculate mass of products

Mass = moles * molar mass

Mass CO2 = 0.217 moles ¨44.01 g/mol

Mass CO2 = 9.6 grams

Mass H2O = 0.434 moles * 18.02

Mass H2O = 7.8 grams

The arrangement of the given isoelectronic series in order of their decreasing radius is N³⁻ > O²⁻ > F⁻ > Na⁺ > Mg²⁺.

We are aware that, on the periodic table, the atomic radius of an element drops as one moves to the right and increases as one moves downward.

As the protons now exert a stronger force on the remaining electrons, the atomic radius of elements reduces when an electron is removed from the atom. The radius gets smaller as more electrons are taken out. The radius of an isoelectronic species will therefore be smaller the more positive charge it possesses.

When electrons are added to an atom, the force of attraction between the protons weakens due to the more protons present, and the electrons experience greater self-repulsion as a result of being packed closer together. To counteract this, the atomic radius of the ion is increased in order to reduce self-repulsion. As a result, the radius of the isoelectronic species increases as negative charge increases.

We can see from this that the atomic radius reduces as the positive charge rises.

As a result, the species are arranged in order of decreasing atomic radius as follows:

N³⁻ > O²⁻ > F⁻ > Na⁺ > Mg²⁺

To know more about isoelectronic series from the link

brainly.com/question/14511468

#SPJ4

Answer:

See explanation

Explanation:

Zinc is a metal and as such can undergo corrosion when exposed to moisture.

Two gases in the atmosphere that can react with Zinc metal and covert it to Zinc carbonate are carbon dioxide and water vapour.

Zinc is oxidized to ZnO in the atmosphere by water vapour. This ZnO subsequently reacts with CO2 to yield ZnCO3.

Answer:

1. a

2.b

Explanation:

Earth diver story type of creation story describes how earth originated from water.

A creation myth or cosmogonic myth is a symbolic narrative of how the world began and how people first came to inhabit it. earth diver is a common character in various traditional creation myths who is sent by a supreme being into the primal waters to find substance (often sand or mud) with which to build habitable land. earth diver featured character are the on who dives into water and bring up a small amount of mud and sand and that's why according to this theory supreme being is responsible for sending animals inside the water to find little bit of mud and sand.

Know more creation story

https://brainly.com/question/28535699

#SPJ4

The activation energy for the isomerization of methyl isocyanide is 77.6 kJ/mol.

The activation energy for the isomerization of methyl isocyanide can be determined using the Arrhenius equation. The equation relates the rate constant, activation energy, and temperature.

The Arrhenius equation is given by:

k = Ae^(-Ea/RT)

wherek = rate constant

A = pre-exponential factor (frequency factor)

Ea = activation energy

R = universal gas constant

T = temperature

R = 8.314 J/mol.

KEa = (-R ln(k2/k1))/(1/T2 - 1/T1)

Where k2 and k1 are the rate constants at temperatures T2 and T1, respectively.

For the given data,T1 = 472 K, T2 = 503 K, k1 = 4.30 × 10-3 min-1, k2 = 5.54 × 10-2 min-1.

Substituting these values in the equation for Ea:

Activation energy (Ea) = (-8.314 J/mol.K) ln (5.54 × 10-2 min-1 / 4.30 × 10-3 min-1) / (1/503 K - 1/472 K) = 77,600 J/mol = 77.6 kJ/mol

Therefore, the activation energy is 77.6 kJ/mol.

To know more about "isomerization" visit: https://brainly.com/question/30826771

#SPJ11

Answer:

2 Hydrogen atoms and 1 Oxygen atoms makes water

Explanation:

Hope this helps^^

Answer: Its chemical formula H2O, indicates that each of its molecules contains one oxygen and two hydrogen atoms,

Explanation: i hopes it helps :)

This problem is providing us with the mass of solid sodium chloride and the volume of water it was dissolved in. Thus, after diluting it, the volume of the stock solution was required and found to be 60. mL according to:

In chemistry, when we are given a stock solution with specified volume and concentration, one is able to dilute it in order to use it for a specific purpose. This, by holding the number of moles constant, one can write:

\(C_1V_1=C_2V_2\)

Where the subscript 1 stands for the stock solution and 2 for the diluted one. Thus, one first calculate the initial concentration with the mass and volume:

\(M=\frac{70.13g/(58.44 g/mol)}{0.400L}=3.00M\)

Next, we solve for the volume of the stock solution, V1, as follows:

\(V_1=\frac{C_2V_2}{C_1}\)

Finally, we plug in the given data to obtain the result:

\(V_1=\frac{1.2M*150mL}{3.00M}\\ \\V_1=60.mL\)

Learn more about diluted solutions: https://brainly.com/question/26005640

Answer:

~2.054M

Explanation:

In this question ,I am going to assume that the acid is monoprotic acid(contains only one hydrogen) which I'll represent by HA.

Chemical equation:

NaOH(aq) + HA(aq)----->NaA(aq) + H2O(l)

The mole ratio of NaOH:HA is 1:1

1.25M NaOH=1.25 Moles/L or 1.25 moles /1000ml of NaOH

(1.25 moles /1000ml) x (24.65ml)=0.0308125 moles NaOH

Mole ratio is 1:1

So, moles of HA are also 0.0308125 moles

volume of HA  =15ml

To find molarity of HA:

=(0.0308125 moles x 1000ml)/(15ml)

~2.054M of HA

~Hope it helps:)

The chemical equation for Direct Combination of Cobalt (III) and nitrogen, with the product given can be represented as given : Cobalt (III) + nitrogen → Cobalt nitride (Co3N2)When Cobalt (III) and nitrogen are combined using direct combination method, the product formed is Cobalt nitride (Co3N2).

The balanced chemical equation for this reaction is shown below.2 Co (III) + 3 N2 → Co3N2.Cobalt nitride is a blackish gray powder with a melting point of 1750 °C and a density of 6.5 g/cm3. Cobalt nitride is an important metal nitride that is used in the preparation of cobalt metal catalysts, magnetic alloys, and other materials.

For more such questions on Chemical equation

https://brainly.com/question/26694427

#SPJ8